Dinleme (Listening)
Kısa bir video dinle ve izle. (Listen and watch a short video.)
Video çok yakında burada olacak!Can / Can't Ne Demek? (What are they?)
Can, bir şeyi yapabildiğimizi (yetenek) anlatır; ayrıca birinden bir şey rica ederken ya da izin isterken kullanılır. Türkçesi çoğunlukla "...-ebilir / ...-abilir" demektir. Olumsuzu can't (= cannot):
- can → yetenek / izin / rica (ability, permission, request)I can play the guitar. (Gitar çalabilirim.)
- can't → yapamama (cannot)She can't drive yet. (Henüz araba kullanamıyor.)
- can herkes için aynıdır: I / you / he / she / we / they can. Değişmez, -s almaz.
- can'dan sonra fiil hep yalın kalır: can play (can to play ✗, can playing ✗).
1. Can = Yetenek (ability)
Bir şeyi yapabildiğimizi söylerken can + yalın fiil kullanırız. Üçüncü tekil şahısta bile (he / she / it) can değişmez ve fiil -s almaz:
| Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They + can | I can swim. | Yüzebilirim. |
| He / She / It + can | She can play the piano. | Piyano çalabilir. |
| can + iki fiil | He can code and design apps. | Kod yazıp uygulama tasarlayabilir. |
| can + çok iyi | They can speak English very well. | Çok iyi İngilizce konuşabilirler. |
- Herkes için aynı: I can, she can, they can. "She cans" ✗, "She can swims" ✗ → She can swim ✓.
2. Can't = Yapamama (cannot)
Bir şeyi yapamadığımızı söylerken can't kullanırız. can't = cannot; tek kelimedir. Fiil yine yalın kalır:
| Olumlu | Olumsuz | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| I can drive. | I can't drive. | Araba kullanamam. |
| She can ski. | She can't ski. | Kayak yapamaz. |
| We can cook. | We can't cook. | Yemek yapamayız. |
- Olumsuz için sadece can't yeter. "I don't can cook" ✗ → "I can't cook" ✓.
- "Henüz" için yet ekle: I can't drive yet. (Henüz kullanamıyorum, öğreniyorum.)
3. İzin ve Rica (permission / requests)
Can I ...? ile izin isteriz (kendim için); Can you ...? ile birinden rica ederiz. Nazik olmak için sona please ekleyebiliriz:
| Amaç | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| izin (permission) | Can I use my phone now? | Şimdi telefonumu kullanabilir miyim? |
| izin (permission) | Can I borrow your charger? | Şarj aletini ödünç alabilir miyim? |
| rica (request) | Can you help me, please? | Bana yardım eder misin, lütfen? |
| rica (request) | Can you say that again? | Tekrar söyler misin? |
- Can I ...? = ben yapabilir miyim (izin). Can you ...? = sen yapar mısın (rica).
4. Sorular ve Kısa Cevaplar (Can you...? Yes, I can.)
Soru sormak için can'i başa alırız: Can + özne + fiil? Kısa cevaplar çok kolaydır. Cevapta fiili tekrar etmeyiz:
| Soru | Evet | Hayır |
|---|---|---|
| Can you swim? | Yes, I can. | No, I can't. |
| Can she drive? | Yes, she can. | No, she can't. |
| Can they come? | Yes, they can. | No, they can't. |
- Soruda can en başa gelir: Can you play chess? ("You can play?" ✗)
- Kısa cevapta fiili tekrarlamayız: "Yes, I can." ("Yes, I can swim." demeyiz.)
5. Sık Yapılan Hatalar (Common Mistakes)
Bu tabloyu kontrol listen yap. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu hataları yapma:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| She cans swim. | She can swim. | can hiç -s almaz. |
| He can to play chess. | He can play chess. | can'dan sonra to yok. |
| They can swimming. | They can swim. | fiil yalın kalır. |
| I don't can cook. | I can't cook. | olumsuz = can't. |
| You can help me? | Can you help me? | soruda can başa gelir. |
6. Birlikte Görelim (Two Friends Talk)
İki genç yeteneklerini konuşuyor. Koyu yazılan kelimelere dikkat et ve iki kez oku:
- — Can you play any instruments?Herhangi bir enstrüman çalabiliyor musun?
- — Yes, I can play the guitar, but I can't play the piano.Evet, gitar çalabilirim ama piyano çalamam.
- — Cool! Can you teach me?Harika! Bana öğretebilir misin?
- — Sure. Can you come to my house after school?Tabii. Okuldan sonra evime gelebilir misin?
- — I think so. Can I bring my brother too? He can sing really well.Sanırım. Kardeşimi de getirebilir miyim? Çok güzel şarkı söyleyebiliyor.
- — Of course. He can join us.Elbette. Bize katılabilir.
- Enstrüman için hangi yapı? → can play the guitar / can't play the piano.
- İzin istemek için ne dedi? → Can I bring my brother?
Alıştırma (Practice)
Doğru cevabı seç. — 10 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Speaking: My Words
Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi cümlelerinde kullan. (Learn the words, then use them.)
Yetenekler ve Beceriler (Skills & Abilities)
Spor, müzik, dil ve teknoloji becerileri. Örnek cümleler can / can't ile yazıldı.
Your Turn (Senin Sıran)
Talk about your abilities. Write 5 sentences with can / can't. (Yeteneklerini can / can't ile 5 cümlede anlat.)
- Yapabildiğin → I can ... Yapamadığın → I can't ...
- En az bir Can you ...? ya da Can I ...? sorusu kullan (rica / izin).
Cümle başlatıcıları (istersen bunlarla başla):
2. I can speak English and I can understand a little French.
3. My sister can swim really well, and she can dive too.
4. Can you help me with my science project after school?
5. I can't drive yet, but I can ride a bike very fast.
Reading: What We Can Do
Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla. (Read the text, then answer.)
Before You Read (Okumadan Önce)
Okumadan önce şu kelimeleri hatırla — Speaking bölümünden tanıyorsun. Metinde bunları ara:
play the guitar · speak · swim · ride a bike · code · cook · draw · drive · skateboard · borrow
- Metin bir grup gencin yeteneklerini anlatıyor — o yüzden can ve can't çok geçer.
- Önce hızlıca oku, sonra soruları oku ve cevapları metinde ara. Cevaplar hep metnin içindedir.
My name is Deniz and I am fifteen. Everyone in my group of friends can do something special. I can play the guitar, and I can speak two languages: Turkish and English. I can't play the piano yet, but I am learning. I practise every evening, so I think I can play it soon.
I go to school every day. I have a big blue bag and a small bike. I can ride my bike to school, and it is fun. My mother can drive a car, but I can't drive yet. I am only fifteen. My father can cook nice food, and he makes soup for us. At home we have a little dog. My dog can run very fast, and it can jump high. I love my dog. After school I do my homework first. Then I play the guitar in my room. My family can hear the music, and they smile.
My best friend Elif is amazing with computers. She can code and she can design websites. She can also speak French, but she can't drive because she is too young. When we meet at the weekend, she often asks, "Can I borrow your guitar?" She can play a few chords, but she can't read music yet.
Elif sits next to me in class. She is very kind, and she can help other students. She has a new laptop, and she can make small games on it. She can type very fast too. At the weekend she stays at home and she makes new websites for fun. She can't cook well, but she can make tea for her family. Her little brother can't read yet, so Elif reads books to him every night. They are a happy family, and I like them a lot.
My friend Kaan can do many sports. He can swim, ride a bike and play basketball, but he can't skateboard. He can run very fast, and he can jump high. When we study together, he always says, "Can you help me with maths?" I can help him because I am good with numbers.
Kaan is tall and strong. He plays basketball every Monday after school. He can catch the ball, and he can throw it very high. He can't play the guitar, but he wants to learn. Sometimes he asks me, "Can you show me some chords?" I say, "Yes, I can." Kaan has two cats at home. His cats can climb trees, but they can't swim. Kaan loves animals a lot. He can look after them very well, and he gives them food and water every day.
We have a new friend too. Her name is Zeynep and she can draw really well. She can make comics and she can paint colourful pictures, but she can't sing at all. In art class our teacher often says, "Can you show us your work?"
Zeynep is our new friend, and we like her a lot. She has many pens and colours in her bag. She can draw cats, dogs and birds. She can also draw funny faces for us. In class she often helps us with our art homework. She can't sing, but she can dance. When music plays, she dances and we all laugh. Zeynep is happy at our school now. She always says, "I can make new friends here."
On Saturdays we meet in the park. Zeynep can skateboard, so she teaches Kaan slowly. Elif can take great photos with her phone. Kaan can cook, and he brings sandwiches for everyone. We can play music, and we can laugh all day. I can't cook well, but I can make music for my friends.
On Sundays we sometimes stay at home. I can send messages to my friends on my phone. We can talk about school, games and music. Elif can share her new photos with us. Kaan can send funny videos, and we laugh a lot. We can't meet every day, but we can talk online. My friends are very important to me. I am happy because I have good friends.
Our English teacher is very nice too. She often says, "You can learn a lot together." In class we can ask questions, and she can answer them. She sometimes says, "Can you make a new sentence with can?" We try hard, and we can do it. English is not always easy, but it is fun. We can read short stories, and we can write simple sentences. Every week we can learn new words. I think we can be very good at English soon.
Can you do something special too? I think everybody can do one thing well. We can't do everything, but together we can learn a lot.
A · True or False? (Doğru mu Yanlış mı?)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
B · Choose the Answer (Doğru Cevabı Seç)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
C · Fill the Gap (Boşluğu Doldur)
Complete the sentences with a word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki bir kelimeyle tamamla.)
Practice Lab: Can / Can't
18 soruluk alıştırma. Doğru formu seç. (Practice — choose the correct form.)
Let's Practise (Hadi Çalışalım)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 18 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Writing: What I Can and Can't Do
Yeteneklerini anlat ve gönder; öğretmenin okuyacak. (Describe your abilities; your teacher will read it.)
Küçük Bağlaçlar (Small Words: and, but, because, so)
İki fikri birbirine bağlamak için küçük bağlaçlar kullanırız. Cümlelerini bunlarla birleştir:
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| and | ve | I can swim and I can ride a bike. |
| but | ama | She can cook but she can't bake. |
| because | çünkü | I like music because I can play the guitar. |
| so | bu yüzden | He can't come today, so we will meet tomorrow. |
- Yazında en az 1 bağlaç kullanmayı dene: and, but, because ya da so.
Task (Görev)
Write about what you and your friends or family can and can't do. (Sen ve arkadaşların/ailen neler yapabilir, neler yapamaz; anlat.) 4-6 cümle yeterli.
NELER OLMALI (What to include)
- one ability of yours (yapabildiğin bir şey — I can ...)
- one thing you can't do (yapamadığın — I can't ...)
- an ability of a friend or family member (biri — My ... can ...)
- a question with Can you ...? or Can I ...? (rica / izin)
- use one connector: and / but / because / so
ÖRNEK BAŞLANGIÇLAR (Example openers)
My Writing (40-60 words / kelime)
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will read your writing.)
Unit Check (Ünite Kontrolü)
Karışık ve biraz zorlu sorular + cümle kurma oyunu. (A longer mixed quiz + build-a-sentence game.)
Mixed Quiz (Karışık Test)
14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma. Bazıları uzun, bağlaçlı cümleler. (14 questions, some longer sentences with and/but/because/so.) Her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Oyun: Cümle Kur (Can / Can't)
Karışık kelimeleri doğru sırayla dizerek cümleyi kur. Çipe dokun ya da cümle satırına sürükle. Son kelimeyi eklediğinde otomatik kontrol edilir. Yanlışsa satır temizlenir, tekrar dene. (Build the sentence in the correct order.)
Yanlış eklediysen kelimeye dokunarak geri alabilir ya da Geri al'a basabilirsin.
Can / Can't artık senin işin. Bir sonraki üniteye hazırsın.