Dinleme (Listening)
Kısa bir video dinle ve izle. (Listen and watch a short video.)
Video çok yakında burada olacak!There is / There are Ne Demek? (What are they?)
Bir yerde bir şeyin var olduğunu söylerken There is ya da There are deriz. Türkçesi "... var" demektir. Önceki ünitelerde bir kişinin ne yaptığını anlattık; burada ise bir yerde ne olduğunu anlatıyoruz:
- There is → tek bir şey ya da sayılamayan (one / uncountable)There is a new café near school. (Okulun yakınında yeni bir kafe var.)
- There are → birden çok şey için (two or more)There are two computers in the classroom. (Sınıfta iki bilgisayar var.)
- Bir tane mi? → There is (There's). Birden çok mu? → There are.
- Okulunu, sınıfını ya da mahalleni anlatmak için harika: There is a library. There are many students.
1. There is = Tek / Sayılamayan (one / uncountable)
Bir tane şey için There is kullanırız. Genelde yanında a ya da an vardır. Coffee, water, milk gibi sayamadığımız (uncountable) şeyler de tekil sayılır ve There is alır:
| Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| There is a | There is a library on the second floor. | İkinci katta bir kütüphane var. |
| There is an | There is an exam on Friday. | Cuma günü bir sınav var. |
| There is (uncountable) | There is some coffee in the machine. | Makinede biraz kahve var. |
| There's (kısa) | There's a café near the gate. | Kapının yanında bir kafe var. |
- Tek şey mi? → There is. Sesli harfle başlarsa an: an exam, an apple.
- There is = There's (konuşurken kısaltırız).
2. There are = Çok Şey (two or more)
Birden çok şey için There are kullanırız. Yanında bir sayı (two, three...) ya da çoğul bir kelime (computers, students) olur. Çoğul kelimelerin sonunda genelde -s vardır:
| Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| There are + sayı | There are two computers in the lab. | Laboratuvarda iki bilgisayar var. |
| There are + çoğul | There are posters on the wall. | Duvarda posterler var. |
| There are many | There are many students in the club. | Kulüpte birçok öğrenci var. |
| There are some | There are some cafés in my area. | Mahallemde birkaç kafe var. |
- Çok şey mi? → There are + çoğul (computers, students, cafés).
- There are kısalmaz. "There're" yazmayız — hep There are.
3. some / any (biraz / birkaç / hiç)
Kaç tane olduğunu söylemeden "biraz, birkaç" demek için some ve any kullanırız. some olumlu cümlede; any ise soru ve olumsuzda gelir:
| Kelime | Nerede? | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| some | olumlu (+) | There are some posters on the wall. | Duvarda birkaç poster var. |
| some | olumlu (+) | There is some coffee in the machine. | Makinede biraz kahve var. |
| any | soru (?) | Are there any questions? | Hiç soru var mı? |
| any | olumsuz (−) | There aren't any free seats. | Hiç boş koltuk yok. |
- Var diyorsak → some. Soruyorsak ya da yok diyorsak → any.
4. Olumsuz ve Soru (isn't / aren't · Is there? / Are there?)
Yok demek için There isn't / There aren't deriz. Soru sorarken Is there...? / Are there...? ile başlarız. Soruda genelde any gelir:
| Olumlu | Olumsuz | Soru |
|---|---|---|
| There is a café. | There isn't a café. | Is there a café? |
| There are computers. | There aren't any computers. | Are there any computers? |
Kısa cevaplar da kolaydır:
| Soru | Evet | Hayır |
|---|---|---|
| Is there a library? | Yes, there is. | No, there isn't. |
| Are there any questions? | Yes, there are. | No, there aren't. |
- Tek şey → Is there...? Çok şey → Are there...? Yer bildirmek için in, on, near, next to kullan: There is a map on the wall.
5. Sık Yapılan Hatalar (Common Mistakes)
Bu tabloyu kontrol listen yap. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu hataları yapma:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| There are a café. | There is a café. | tek şey → There is. |
| There is two computers. | There are two computers. | çok şey → There are. |
| Are there some questions? | Are there any questions? | soruda → any. |
| There is an exam? (yazıda) | Is there an exam? | soru → Is there...? |
| There are some coffee. | There is some coffee. | coffee sayılamaz → There is. |
6. Birlikte Görelim (Two Friends Talk)
İki genç yeni okullarını anlatıyor. Koyu yazılan kelimelere dikkat et ve iki kez oku:
- — Is there a library in your new school?Yeni okulunda kütüphane var mı?
- — Yes, there is. And there are more than twenty computers in it.Evet, var. Ve içinde yirmiden fazla bilgisayar var.
- — Are there any cafés near the school?Okulun yakınında hiç kafe var mı?
- — Yes, there are. There is a small café near the gate, and there is some good coffee there.Evet, var. Kapının yanında küçük bir kafe var ve orada güzel kahve var.
- — Is there a cinema in your neighbourhood?Mahallende sinema var mı?
- — No, there isn't. But there are two parks, so we often meet there.Hayır, yok. Ama iki park var, o yüzden sık sık orada buluşuruz.
- Okulda kaç bilgisayar var? (Cevap: yirmiden fazla / more than twenty.)
- "kafe" için hangi yapı? Tek kafe: There is a café; birçok kafe: There are cafés.
Alıştırma (Practice)
Doğru cevabı seç. — 10 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Speaking: My Words
Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi cümlelerinde kullan. (Learn the words, then use them.)
Okul ve Mahalle (School & Neighbourhood)
Okulda ve mahallende gördüğün yerler ve şeyler. Örnek cümleler There is / There are ile yazıldı.
Your Turn (Senin Sıran)
Talk about your classroom or your neighbourhood. Write 5 sentences with There is / There are. (Sınıfını ya da mahalleni There is / There are ile 5 cümlede anlat.)
- Tek şey → There is. Çok şey → There are.
- En az bir some / any ve bir yer edatı (in, on, near, next to) kullan.
Cümle başlatıcıları (istersen bunlarla başla):
2. There are some posters about science on the wall, but there isn't a clock.
3. There is a big library near our classroom, and there are many computers in it.
4. There is a small café near school, so we meet there after lessons.
5. Are there any clubs at your school? There are three at mine!
Reading: My New School
Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla. (Read the text, then answer.)
Before You Read (Okumadan Önce)
Okumadan önce şu kelimeleri hatırla — Speaking bölümünden tanıyorsun. Metinde bunları ara:
café · library · classroom · computer · exam · poster · neighbourhood · shelf · student · coffee
- Metin bir okulu ve çevresini anlatıyor — o yüzden There is ve There are çok geçer.
- Önce hızlıca oku, sonra soruları oku ve cevapları metinde ara. Cevaplar hep metnin içindedir.
My name is Deniz, and I am very happy today. I want to tell you about my school and my area. My family and I live in a small town. There is a big school on our street, and it is my new school. My best friend Ali is in my class too, so I am not alone. There is a photo of my class on my desk at home, and I look at it every day.
I am fourteen, and this is my first year at a new school. It is big and modern. There is a large library on the second floor, and there are more than twenty computers in it. There is a small café near the main gate too, so students meet there before lessons. There is a big garden behind the school, and there are some tall trees in it.
There are three floors in my school. On the first floor, there is a big hall, and there are two science rooms. There is a music room too, and there are many guitars in it. On the second floor, there is a long corridor, and there are green plants near the windows. On the third floor, there is a small art room. There are lots of colourful paintings on the walls. There is a teachers' room next to the stairs, and there are always some teachers there. Is there a lift in my school? No, there isn't, so we use the stairs every day.
In my classroom, there are thirty desks and a smart board. There is a map of the world on the wall, and there are some posters about science. There isn't a clock, so we always ask the teacher for the time! There is an important exam next Friday, so everybody studies hard this week. There are two shelves near the window, and there are many English books on them.
My teacher is very kind. Her name is Miss Ela, and she is always happy. There are twenty students in my class, and we are good friends. There is a big window near my desk, so my classroom is bright and warm. There is a small box for our phones near the door. Every morning, there is a short talk about the day. Are there any new words today? Yes, there are, and we write them in our books. There are two flags near the board too.
A school day is not too long. There are six lessons every day, and there is a short break between them. At lunchtime, there is a big canteen on the ground floor. There is some warm soup, and there are many healthy meals. There aren't any fizzy drinks there, but there is fresh water and there is some fruit. My friends and I sit together, and we talk about our day.
My school is in a nice neighbourhood. There are two small parks near the gate, and there is a bookshop next to the bus stop. There isn't a cinema in my area, but there is a sports centre, so my friends and I play basketball there on Saturdays. Are there any cafés in your neighbourhood? There are three in mine!
I live in a small flat with my family. There is a big supermarket near my home, and there is a bakery next to it. The bread there is very good, and it is cheap. On my street, there are many tall trees, and there are some friendly cats too. There is a bus stop in front of my building, so I go to school by bus every morning. On Sundays, there is a small market near the park. There are fresh fruits and vegetables there, and there is some nice music. My mother and I like this market a lot.
My favourite place is the café near school. There is some good coffee, and there are a few quiet tables. After lessons, there are always many students there. Sometimes there is some music too, so it is a happy place.
My friends and I love this café. There is a big table near the window, and we always sit there. There are some board games in a box, so we often play together after lessons. There isn't a lot of noise, so we can talk and study easily. There is a friendly man at the counter, and his name is Mr Kaya. Sometimes there is a cake of the day, and it is not expensive. Are there any drinks for young people? Yes, there are some fruit drinks and there is warm milk too. It is a happy place for all of us.
I like my new school because there are so many things to do. There are art clubs, music clubs and a drama club. There isn't a swimming pool yet, but the teachers say there is a new plan for next year. Is there a good school near your home?
A · True or False? (Doğru mu Yanlış mı?)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
B · Choose the Answer (Doğru Cevabı Seç)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
C · Fill the Gap (Boşluğu Doldur)
Complete the sentences with a word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki bir kelimeyle tamamla.)
Practice Lab: There is / There are
18 soruluk alıştırma. Doğru formu seç. (Practice — choose the correct form.)
Let's Practise (Hadi Çalışalım)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 18 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Writing: My Classroom or Neighbourhood
Bir yeri anlat ve gönder; öğretmenin okuyacak. (Describe a place; your teacher will read it.)
Küçük Bağlaçlar (Small Words: and, but, because, so)
İki fikri birbirine bağlamak için küçük bağlaçlar kullanırız. Cümlelerini bunlarla birleştir:
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| and | ve | There is a library and there is a café. |
| but | ama | There are two parks but there isn't a cinema. |
| because | çünkü | I like my school because there are many clubs. |
| so | bu yüzden | There is a café near school, so we meet there. |
- Yazında en az 1 bağlaç kullanmayı dene: and, but, because ya da so.
Task (Görev)
Write about your classroom or your neighbourhood. (Sınıfını ya da mahalleni anlat.) 4-6 cümle yeterli.
NELER OLMALI (What to include)
- one thing in the place (bir tek şey — There is a ...)
- two or more things (birden çok şey — There are ...)
- a some / any sentence (some ya da any içeren bir cümle)
- one thing that isn't there (olmayan bir şey — There isn't a ...)
- use one connector: and / but / because / so
ÖRNEK BAŞLANGIÇLAR (Example openers)
My Writing (40-60 words / kelime)
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will read your writing.)
Unit Check (Ünite Kontrolü)
Karışık ve biraz zorlu sorular + kutulara ayırma oyunu. (A longer mixed quiz + sorting game.)
Mixed Quiz (Karışık Test)
14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma. Bazıları uzun, bağlaçlı cümleler. (14 questions, some longer sentences with and/but/because/so.) Her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Oyun: Kutulara Ayır (There is / There are)
Her öğeyi doğru kutuya koy: tek / sayılamayan → There is, çok şey → There are. Çipi kutuya sürükle — ya da önce çipe, sonra kutuya dokun. (Sort each item into the correct box.)
There is / There are artık senin işin. Bir sonraki üniteye hazırsın.