Dinleme (Listening)
Kısa bir video dinle ve izle. (Listen and watch a short video.)
Video çok yakında burada olacak!Ne Demek? (What is the Past Simple?)
Geçmişte bitmiş bir işi anlatmak için Past Simple kullanırız. Düzenli (regular) fiillerde çok kolaydır: fiilin sonuna -ed ekleriz. En güzel yanı, biçim tüm özneler için aynıdır — I, you, he, she, we, they hepsi aynı:
- I played football yesterday.Dün futbol oynadım. (play → played)
- We watched a film last night.Dün gece film izledik. (watch → watched)
- She visited her grandma last week.Geçen hafta ninesini ziyaret etti. (visit → visited)
- Düzenli fiil + -ed → geçmiş: play → played, watch → watched.
- Biçim değişmez: I / you / he / she / we / they played. (hepsi aynı!)
1. Olumlu (fiil + -ed)
Olumlu cümlede fiile -ed ekleriz ve biçim her özne için aynı kalır. Zaman ifadeleriyle (yesterday, last night) birlikte kullan:
| Özne | Fiil + ed | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | played | We played basketball yesterday. |
| he / she / it | watched | She watched TV last night. |
- Şimdiki zamandaki -s (she plays) geçmişte yoktur: she played (herkes aynı).
- "She played" ✓ → "She playsed" ✗ (fiile sadece -ed ekle).
2. Olumsuz (didn't + fiilin yalın hâli)
Olumsuz cümlede didn't (did not) kullanırız ve fiil yalın kalır — -ed almaz! Çünkü geçmiş bilgisi zaten did'in içindedir:
| Olumlu | Olumsuz | Türkçe |
|---|---|---|
| I watched TV. | I didn't watch TV. | Televizyon izlemedim. |
| They played outside. | They didn't play outside. | Dışarıda oynamadılar. |
- didn't + fiilin yalın hâli: didn't watch, didn't play.
- "I didn't watched" ✗ → "I didn't watch" ✓ (fiil -ed almaz).
3. Soru (Did ... ?)
Soru sormak için cümlenin başına Did koyarız; fiil yine yalın kalır (-ed yok). Kısa cevaplarda did / didn't kullanırız:
| Soru | Kısa cevap | Türkçe |
|---|---|---|
| Did you play football? | Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. | Futbol oynadın mı? |
| Did she watch the film? | Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. | Filmi izledi mi? |
- Did + özne + fiilin yalın hâli: Did you finish? Did they visit?
- Where / What ile: What did you do yesterday?
4. -ed Yazım Kuralları (Spelling)
Çoğu fiile doğrudan -ed eklenir, ama küçük yazım kuralları vardır. Bu tablo hepsini gösterir:
| Kural | Nasıl? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Çoğu fiil | + ed | play → played, watch → watched |
| -e ile biten | + d | like → liked, live → lived |
| ünsüz + y | y → ied | study → studied, try → tried |
| kısa ünlü + ünsüz | ünsüz çiftlenir | stop → stopped, plan → planned |
- Ünlü + y ise çiftlenmez: play → played, enjoy → enjoyed (studied gibi değil).
- "studyed" ✗ → "studied" ✓; "stoped" ✗ → "stopped" ✓.
5. Sık Yapılan Hatalar (Common Mistakes)
Past Simple'da en sık hata olumsuz ve soruda fiile hâlâ -ed eklemektir. Bu tabloyu bir kontrol listesi gibi kullan:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| I didn't watched TV. | I didn't watch TV. | didn't + yalın fiil. |
| Did you played? | Did you play? | Did + yalın fiil. |
| She playsed yesterday. | She played yesterday. | sadece -ed ekle. |
| They studyed hard. | They studied hard. | ünsüz + y → ied. |
| The bus stoped. | The bus stopped. | kısa ünlü + ünsüz çiftlenir. |
- Olumluda fiil + -ed (tüm özneler aynı). Olumsuzda didn't + yalın fiil, soruda Did + yalın fiil. Olumsuz ve soruda fiil asla -ed almaz.
6. Birlikte Görelim (Two Friends Chat)
İki genç dün ne yaptıklarını konuşuyor. Koyu yazılan geçmiş biçimlerine (olumlu -ed, didn't, Did) dikkat et ve iki kez oku:
- — Did you study for the exam last night?Dün gece sınava çalıştın mı?
- — Yes, I did. I studied English for two hours, but I didn't finish the maths.Evet, çalıştım. İki saat İngilizce çalıştım ama matematiği bitirmedim.
- — What did you do after that?Ondan sonra ne yaptın?
- — I watched a film with my family and we cooked dinner together.Ailemle film izledim ve birlikte akşam yemeği yaptık.
- — Nice! I visited my cousins and we played games all evening.Güzel! Ben kuzenlerimi ziyaret ettim ve bütün akşam oyun oynadık.
- — So you didn't watch the match? We talked about it at school today!Yani maçı izlemedin mi? Bugün okulda bunu konuştuk!
- "Did you studied?" ✗ → "Did you study?" ✓ (Did + yalın fiil).
- "I didn't watched" ✗ → "I didn't watch" ✓ (didn't + yalın fiil).
- "I studyed" ✗ → "I studied" ✓ (ünsüz + y → ied).
Alıştırma (Practice)
Doğru cevabı seç. — 10 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Speaking: My Words
Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi cümlelerinde kullan. (Learn the words, then use them.)
Kelimeler ve Yapılar (Past Verbs & Time Words)
Bazıları düzenli fiilin geçmiş hâli (-ed), bazıları yapı (didn't, Did), bazıları zaman ifadesi (yesterday, last night). Her kelimeyi bir örnekle kullan.
Your Turn (Senin Sıran)
Talk about what you did yesterday or last weekend. Write 5 sentences in the Past Simple. (Dün ya da geçen hafta sonu ne yaptığını anlat. Past Simple ile 5 cümle yaz.)
- Olumlu cümlelerde fiile -ed ekle (I played, we watched, she visited).
- En az bir olumsuz (didn't + yalın fiil) ve bir zaman ifadesi (yesterday, last night) kullan.
Cümle başlatıcıları (istersen bunlarla başla):
2. In the afternoon I played basketball with my friends in the park.
3. We watched a film and studied English together last night.
4. I didn't finish my homework, but I visited my cousins.
5. It was a great day, so I really enjoyed it!
Reading: My Busy Saturday
Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla. (Read the text, then answer.)
Before You Read (Okumadan Önce)
Okumadan önce şu düzenli fiil biçimlerini hatırla — Speaking bölümünden tanıyorsun. Metinde bunları ara:
played · watched · visited · studied · helped · cooked · didn't
- Metin bir gencin geçen cumartesi ne yaptığını anlatıyor: sabah, öğleden sonra, akşam. Düzenli fiillerin -ed biçimlerine dikkat et.
- Önce hızlıca oku, sonra soruları oku ve cevapları metinde ara. Cevaplar hep metnin içindedir.
Hi! I am Deniz and I am sixteen. Last Saturday I wanted a calm day, but I was very busy from morning to night.
I opened my eyes at eight o'clock. The sun was bright and my room was warm. I was a little sleepy, but I got up fast. I put on my clothes and I went to the kitchen. My mum was there and she smiled at me. We had a big breakfast together. I ate bread, eggs and cheese. I also drank a glass of warm milk. My mum talked about our plans for the day. She wanted a clean house and some help in the kitchen. I said yes, because I am a good son. It was a nice and quiet start to the day.
In the morning I cleaned my room and helped my mum in the kitchen. We cooked a big lunch for the family. My little brother watched cartoons and played video games, so the house was noisy. I washed the dishes after lunch and then I studied English for two hours because I wanted a good grade.
After my English study, I felt happy. I like English a lot and I want to speak it well. I closed my books and I made my bed. Then I opened the window and I listened to some music. My favourite song was on the radio, so I sang a little. My mum heard me and she laughed. My voice was very funny. The morning was busy, but it was good. I looked at the clock and it was almost noon.
In the afternoon my best friend Aylin called me. She invited me to the new café in the city centre. We walked there together and we talked about school, music and films. I tried a chocolate cake and Aylin ordered a cold lemonade. The café was small, but we really enjoyed it. Later we visited a small bookshop next door and I looked at many comics.
In the small bookshop I found many comics. I love comics because the pictures are fun and colourful. Aylin liked a big book about animals. We did not buy anything, but we looked at everything. The shop was old and very quiet. A little cat slept near the door and we smiled at it. After the bookshop, we walked in the streets again. We took some photos and we sent them to our friends. The city centre was busy and full of happy people.
At five o'clock we joined our friends Can and Ela in the park. We played basketball for an hour and then we rested on the grass. Can showed us funny videos on his phone and we laughed a lot. The weather was warm, so nobody wanted to go home early.
In the park the grass was green and soft. Many families were there with their small children. Ela brought some cold water and we shared it. I was tired after the game, but I felt very happy. We talked about our school team and our favourite players. Can is very funny, so we laughed again and again. The warm sun was nice on my face. I did not want to leave the park, but the time was late. We said goodbye to Can and Ela and we walked home slowly.
In the evening I returned home and helped with dinner again. After that, my family watched a long film together. My dad liked the action scenes, but my mum preferred the quiet parts. I checked my phone, answered a few messages and finished my homework.
The film was long, but it was really exciting. My little brother fell asleep on the sofa before the end. My mum made some popcorn and we ate it together. I did not use my phone very much, because the film was good. After the film, we cleaned the living room together. My dad washed the cups and I put the pillows back. Then I drank a glass of water and I went to my room.
Before bed, I thought about my long day. I helped my family in the morning. I saw my good friends in the afternoon and evening. I played my favourite game and I studied too. Some days are slow and quiet, but this day was very full. I felt happy, but my eyes were heavy. I was ready for a long and calm sleep.
I did not go to bed late, because I was really tired. I closed my eyes and remembered the whole day with a smile. Last Saturday was busy, but it wasn't boring at all. What did you do last weekend? Did you enjoy it too?
A · True or False? (Doğru mu Yanlış mı?)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
B · Choose the Answer (Doğru Cevabı Seç)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
C · Fill the Gap (Boşluğu Doldur)
Complete the sentences with a word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki bir kelimeyle tamamla.)
Practice Lab: Past Simple
18 soruluk alıştırma. Doğru geçmiş biçimini seç: -ed / didn't / Did. (Practice — choose the correct past form.)
Let's Practise (Hadi Çalışalım)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 18 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Writing: Yesterday / Last Weekend
Dün ya da geçen hafta sonu ne yaptığını anlat ve gönder; öğretmenin okuyacak. (Describe what you did yesterday or last weekend; your teacher will read it.)
Küçük Bağlaçlar (Small Words: and, but, because, so)
İki fikri birbirine bağlamak için küçük bağlaçlar kullanırız. Cümlelerini bunlarla birleştir:
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| and | ve | I cleaned my room and helped my mum. |
| but | ama | We were tired, but we enjoyed the day. |
| because | çünkü | I studied hard because I wanted a good grade. |
| so | bu yüzden | The weather was warm, so we played outside. |
- Yazında en az 1 bağlaç kullanmayı dene: and, but, because ya da so.
Task (Görev)
Describe what you did yesterday or last weekend: where you went, what you did and who was with you. (Dün ya da geçen hafta sonu ne yaptığını anlat: nereye gittin, ne yaptın ve yanında kim vardı.) 4-6 cümle yeterli.
NELER OLMALI (What to include)
- two regular past verbs with -ed (I played ... / We watched ...)
- one time expression (yesterday, last night, last weekend)
- one negative (I didn't + base verb)
- one question or -ed spelling verb (studied, tried, stopped, liked)
- one connector: and / but / because / so
ÖRNEK BAŞLANGIÇLAR (Example openers)
My Writing (40-60 words / kelime)
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will read your writing.)
Unit Check (Ünite Kontrolü)
Karışık ve biraz zorlu sorular + "Kediyi Besle" oyunu. (A longer mixed quiz + a feed-the-cat game.)
Mixed Quiz (Karışık Test)
14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma. Bazıları uzun, bağlaçlı cümleler. (14 questions, some longer sentences with and/but/because/so.) Her soru hemen kontrol edilir.
Oyun: Kediyi Besle (Past Simple)
Gri acıktı! Yukarıdaki cümleye bak, sonra doğru geçmiş biçime dokun (fiilin -ed hâli). Doğru kelimeyi Gri yer ve sevinir; yanlışa dokunursan kelime kırmızı sallanır, tekrar dene. (Tap the correct past form to feed Gri.)
Bütün biçimleri doğru verdin. Artık Past Simple senin işin!