Teen İngilizce A1 · Ünite 4: My Free Time

Selam, ben yine Gri. Bu ünitede başkası hakkında konuşuyoruz: bir arkadaşın, bir aile bireyin ya da sevdiğin bir ünlü. İngilizcede he, she, it ile fiile küçük bir -s takılır: She plays. He watches. Olumsuzda ve soruda ise sahneye doesn't / does çıkar. Başlayalım.

Dinleme (Listening)

Kısa bir video dinle ve izle. (Listen and watch a short video.)

Video çok yakında burada olacak!

Present Simple: he / she / it (Third Person)

Bir kişinin ya da bir şeyin her zaman / genellikle yaptığı şeyleri anlatırken Present Simple kullanırız. Önceki ünitelerde I / you / we / they ile fiili yalın bıraktık. Fark burada: he, she, it ile fiile -s ya da -es eklenir.

"She watches videos every day."O her gün video izler. (arkadaş / rutin)
"He plays in the school team."O okul takımında oynar. (spor)
"My friend doesn't like maths."Arkadaşım matematiği sevmez. (olumsuz)
"It rains a lot in winter."Kışın çok yağmur yağar. (it = hava / şey)

Aynı fiil, sadece özne değişince nasıl değişiyor bak:

"I play the guitar."Gitar çalarım.
"She plays the guitar."O gitar çalar.
"They play the guitar."Onlar gitar çalar.

Yani sihirli kural: he / she / it gelince fiile -s takılır. Şimdi bunu adım adım görelim.

1. Özne + Fiil(+s) (Subject + verb)

Sadece iki grup var. he / she / it tek kişi/şeydir ve fiile -s ekler; geri kalan herkeste fiil yalın kalır:

Kişi	Fiil	Örnek	Türkçesi
I	play	I play football.	Futbol oynarım.
you	play	You play well.	İyi oynarsın.
he	plays	He plays every day.	Her gün oynar.
she	plays	She plays the guitar.	Gitar çalar.
it	works	It works fast.	Hızlı çalışır.
we	play	We play games.	Oyun oynarız.
they	play	They play together.	Birlikte oynarlar.

Kolay yol

he / she / it (tek kişi/şey) → fiile -s: plays, works, likes.
I / you / we / they → fiil yalın: play, work, like.
Kısaca: sadece he, she, it ile fiile -s; geri kalan herkeste fiil olduğu gibi kalır.

2. -s mi, -es mi, -ies mi? (Spelling Rules)

Çoğu fiile sadece -s eklenir, ama bazı fiillerde küçük yazım değişikliği olur:

Kural	Nasıl?	Örnek	Türkçesi
Çoğu fiil	+ s	play → plays	oynar / çalar
-ch, -sh, -ss, -x, -o	+ es	watch → watches	izler
-o ile biten	+ es	go → goes	gider
ünsüz + y	y → ies	study → studies	ders çalışır
sesli + y	+ s (değişmez)	play → plays	oynar

Dikkat

have özeldir: he / she / it ile has olur. She has a bike. ✓
İki düzensiz dev: do → does, go → goes.

3. Olumsuz: doesn't + fiil (Negative)

"Yapmaz / sevmez" demek için doesn't (does not) kullanırız. Önemli: doesn't'ten sonra fiil yalın kalır, -s düşer:

Kişi	Olumsuz	Örnek	Türkçesi
I / you / we / they	don't + fiil	I don't like maths.	Matematiği sevmem.
he / she / it	doesn't + fiil	She doesn't like maths.	O matematiği sevmez.

Not

doesn't zaten -s taşır, bu yüzden fiil yalın olur: "He doesn't watch TV." ✓ — "He doesn't watches TV." ✗

4. Soru: Does ... fiil? (Questions)

Soru sormak için cümlenin başına Does (he/she/it) ya da Do (I/you/we/they) koyarız. Yine fiil yalın kalır:

She plays tennis. → Does she play tennis?Tenis oynar. → Tenis oynar mı?
He studies a lot. → Does he study a lot?Çok çalışır. → Çok çalışır mı?

Kısa cevaplar da kolaydır:

Soru	Evet	Hayır
Does she play the guitar?	Yes, she does.	No, she doesn't.
Does he watch videos?	Yes, he does.	No, he doesn't.
Do they train together?	Yes, they do.	No, they don't.

Dikkat

Soruda -s zaten Does'a geçer, fiil yalın olur: "Does she play...?" ✓ — "Does she plays...?" ✗

5. Sık Yapılan Hatalar (Common Mistakes)

Bu tabloyu kontrol listen yap. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu hataları yapma:

Yanlış ✗	Doğru ✓	Neden?
She play tennis.	She plays tennis.	he / she / it → fiile -s.
He watch videos.	He watches videos.	-ch → +es.
My friend studys hard.	My friend studies hard.	ünsüz + y → ies.
She doesn't likes maths.	She doesn't like maths.	doesn't + yalın fiil.
Does he plays football?	Does he play football?	Does + yalın fiil.
She have a bike.	She has a bike.	have → has (he/she/it).

6. Birlikte Görelim (Two Friends Talk)

İki genç ortak bir arkadaşları hakkında konuşuyor. Koyu yazılan fiillere dikkat et ve iki kez oku:

— Do you know Selin? She plays the guitar really well.Selin'i tanıyor musun? Gerçekten çok iyi gitar çalar.
— Yes! She watches music videos every day and she practises for hours.Evet! Her gün müzik videoları izler ve saatlerce çalışır.
— Does she study a lot too?Çok da ders çalışır mı?
— She studies after dinner, but she doesn't like maths.Akşam yemeğinden sonra çalışır ama matematiği sevmez.
— Her brother Kuzey plays basketball, right?Kardeşi Kuzey basketbol oynar, değil mi?
— Yes, he trains three times a week. He doesn't watch much TV.Evet, haftada üç kez antrenman yapar. Fazla TV izlemez.
— And their cat? What does it do all day?Peki ya kedileri? Bütün gün ne yapar?
— It sleeps all day, and it only wakes up for food!Bütün gün uyur ve sadece yemek için uyanır!

Kendini test et

Selin ne çalar ve hangi dersi sevmez? (Cevap: gitar; matematiği sevmez.)
"study" fiili he/she ile nasıl yazılır? (Cevap: studies)

Alıştırma (Practice)

Doğru cevabı seç. — 10 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.

watch (v)

to look at a video, TV or match (izlemek)

"She watches music videos."

practise (v)

to do something again to get better (çalışmak, alıştırma yapmak)

"He practises the guitar."

study (v)

to learn or do school work (ders çalışmak)

"She studies after dinner."

ride (v)

to go on a bike or skateboard (binmek, sürmek)

"He rides his bike to school."

chat (v)

to talk with friends online (yazışmak, sohbet etmek)

"She chats with friends online."

draw (v)

to make pictures with a pen or pencil (çizmek)

"My friend draws comics."

train (v)

to practise a sport regularly (antrenman yapmak)

"He trains three times a week."

finish (v)

to end or complete something (bitirmek)

"She finishes school at three."

free time (n)

time when you are not busy (boş zaman)

"In his free time, he reads."

every day (phrase)

on all days; as a routine (her gün)

Zıttı: never (asla)

"She watches videos every day."

Your Turn (Senin Sıran)

Talk about a friend or a family member's free time. Write 5 sentences. (Bir arkadaşının ya da aile bireyinin boş zamanı hakkında 5 cümle yaz.)

Kurallar

Her cümlede he / she / it kullan ve fiile -s / -es ekle (ya da doesn't).
Kim olduğunu, her gün ne yaptığını, bir boş zaman etkinliğini ve sevmediği bir şeyi anlat.

Cümle başlatıcıları (istersen bunlarla başla):

"My best friend ..." "She plays ..." "In his free time, he ..." "She doesn't ..." "Every day, he ..."

Sample Answer 1. My best friend Selin is fifteen.
2. She plays the guitar and she watches music videos every day.
3. In her free time, she draws comics.
4. She doesn't like maths, but she studies hard.
5. Her brother plays basketball, so they are both very busy!

Before You Read (Okumadan Önce)

Okumadan önce şu kelimeleri hatırla — Speaking bölümünden tanıyorsun. Metinde bunları ara:

watch · practise · study · ride · chat · draw · train · finish · free time · every day

İpucu

Metin bir başkası hakkında, o yüzden fiiller çoğunlukla -s / -es ile biter.
Önce hızlıca oku, sonra soruları oku ve cevapları metinde ara. Cevaplar hep metnin içindedir.

My Friend Selin

My best friend Selin is fifteen. She lives near my house, so we walk to school together every morning. Selin loves music. She plays the guitar and she watches music videos every day after school. She practises for two hours, but she doesn't like loud rock music.

Selin is a kind girl. She has long brown hair and she has a big smile. She is happy at school and she has many friends. Her friends like her because she is funny. She talks a lot, but she listens too. She helps new students in her class. In the morning, she says hello to everyone. She is never rude, and she shares her lunch with friends.

Selin practises the guitar in her room. She learns a new song every week. Her teacher is very kind, and he helps her a lot. Selin listens to music on her phone, and she sings quietly. She wants to play in a concert one day. Her mother listens at the door, and she smiles. Music makes Selin very happy.

Selin has a busy day. She gets up at seven o'clock and she has breakfast with her family. School starts at half past eight, so she never comes late. She finishes school at three, and then she walks home with me. Do you have a friend like Selin?

Selin likes school. Her favourite subject is music, and she also likes art. She doesn't like maths, but she works hard in every class. She sits next to her friend Ayla. Ayla plays the piano, so they often play music together. At lunch time, they eat in the school garden. Selin eats a sandwich and an apple. She drinks water, and she doesn't drink cola. After lunch, she goes to the library and she reads a book.

Selin has a younger brother, Kuzey. He plays basketball for the school team, and he trains three times a week. He doesn't watch much TV because he studies a lot. Their family has a cat, Zeytin. It sleeps all day, and it only wakes up for food!

The cat Zeytin is very lazy. It is black and white, and it is three years old. It sleeps on Selin's bed every afternoon. It doesn't like loud noise, so it hides under the sofa. In the evening, it plays with a small ball. Kuzey feeds the cat every day. Zeytin loves fish, but it doesn't eat vegetables. The family loves the cat very much.

Kuzey is thirteen years old. He is tall, and he runs very fast. He goes to basketball practice after school. His coach is happy because Kuzey works hard. On game days, Selin watches her brother and she claps for his team. Kuzey wins many games, and he is very proud. At home, he tells Selin about the match.

Selin's mother works in a small shop near the park. She likes music too, and she sings old songs in the kitchen. Her father cooks dinner every evening because he loves food. He doesn't like fast food, so he makes fresh meals at home.

In the evening, the family sits together. Selin's father makes dinner, and the kitchen smells very nice. Selin helps her father, and she washes the plates. Her mother tells funny stories about her day. After dinner, Kuzey watches a short video about basketball. Selin plays her guitar for the family. Her father claps, and everybody is happy. The family goes to bed at ten o'clock.

On weekends, Selin doesn't go to bed early. She chats with friends online and she draws comics in her free time. Her comics are about a cat, and they are very funny. She wants to be an artist one day, so she draws a new picture every weekend.

Selin has a nice weekend routine. On Saturday, she gets up late and she has a big breakfast. Then she rides her bike in the park with Ayla. They take photos of the trees and the birds. In the afternoon, Selin draws a new comic about her cat. She uses many colours, and she is very careful. Her comics make her friends laugh. Sometimes she puts her pictures on the wall in her room.

Selin and Ayla are good friends. They talk every day, and they share their secrets. Ayla lives in the next street, so they meet often. On Sundays, they study English together. They watch a short cartoon in English, and they learn new words. Ayla writes the words, and Selin draws small pictures for them. This game helps them a lot. They laugh, and they never feel bored.

Selin also studies English on Sundays because she wants to travel. She reads short stories and she writes new words in a small notebook. She doesn't use her phone in class, and she always helps her friends. I think she works really hard, and that's why everybody likes her.

A · True or False? (Doğru mu Yanlış mı?)

Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)

B · Choose the Answer (Doğru Cevabı Seç)

Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)

C · Fill the Gap (Boşluğu Doldur)

Complete the sentences with a word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki bir kelimeyle tamamla.)

1Selin is years old. ✓✗ Doğru cevap: fifteen

2Selin plays the . ✓✗ Doğru cevap: guitar

3The cat's name is . ✓✗ Doğru cevap: Zeytin

4Selin's father cooks every evening. ✓✗ Doğru cevap: dinner

5Selin wants to be an one day. ✓✗ Doğru cevap: artist

Let's Practise (Hadi Çalışalım)

Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 18 soru, her soru hemen kontrol edilir.

Küçük Bağlaçlar (Small Words: and, but, because, so)

İki fikri birbirine bağlamak için küçük bağlaçlar kullanırız. Cümlelerini bunlarla birleştir:

Bağlaç	Anlamı	Örnek
and	ve	She plays the guitar and she sings.
but	ama	He likes football but he doesn't like basketball.
because	çünkü	She studies hard because she wants good marks.
so	bu yüzden	He trains every day, so he plays very well.

İpucu

Yazında en az 1 bağlaç kullanmayı dene: and, but, because ya da so.

Task (Görev)

Write about a friend or a family member's daily life and free time. (Bir arkadaşının ya da aile bireyinin günlük hayatı ve boş zamanı hakkında yaz.) 4-6 cümle yeterli.

NELER OLMALI (What to include)

who the person is (kim olduğu)
what he/she does every day (her gün ne yaptığı)
a free-time activity (bir boş zaman etkinliği)
something he/she doesn't do or like (yapmadığı ya da sevmediği bir şey)
use one connector: and / but / because / so

ÖRNEK BAŞLANGIÇLAR (Example openers)

"My friend ... is ... and he ..." "Every day, she ..." "In his free time, he ..."

My Writing (40-60 words / kelime)

0 kelime

Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will read your writing.)

Sample Answer (~58 words) My friend Deniz is fourteen. He lives near my house, so we walk to school together. He loves sport and he plays basketball every day. In his free time, he watches football videos and he chats with friends online. He doesn't like maths, but he studies hard because he wants good marks. He is a great friend!

Mixed Quiz (Karışık Test)

14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma. Bazıları uzun, bağlaçlı cümleler. (14 questions, some longer sentences with and/but/because/so.) Her soru hemen kontrol edilir.

Oyun: Eşleştir (Cümleleri eşleştir)

Türkçe çeviriyi doğru İngilizce cümleyle eşleştir. Çipi cümlenin yanındaki kutuya sürükle — ya da önce çipe, sonra kutuya dokun. (Match the Turkish translation to the correct English sentence.)

Eşleşen cümleler: 0 / 6

Grammar: Present Simple — he / she / it (-s / -es)