Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Bir önceki ünitede geleceği be going to ile anlattın — planlar ve kanıtlı tahminler. Now we add the other big future word: will. When you guess about the future, promise something, or decide to do something at the moment of speaking, you need will. will, gelecekle ilgili tahminlerimizi, o an verdiğimiz ani kararları ve söz verirken kullandığımız kalıbı taşır.
Bu bölümde önce will / won't yapısını kuracağız. Then we will study its two main uses (predictions and spontaneous decisions), compare will with be going to, and add useful words like I think and maybe. Adım adım gidelim.
İyi haber: will bütün öznelerde aynıdır. There is no "he wills" or "she willes" — özne ne olursa olsun will değişmez ve arkasından her zaman yalın fiil (base form) gelir.
| Tür | Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Olumlu | özne + will + yalın fiil | She will call you. | Seni arayacak. |
| Kısa hâli | özne + 'll + yalın fiil | She'll call you. | Seni arayacak. |
| Olumsuz | özne + won't + yalın fiil | She won't call you. | Seni aramayacak. |
| Soru | Will + özne + yalın fiil | Will she call you? | Seni arayacak mı? |
Bir will sorusuna kısa cevap vermek çok kolaydır, because you only need will or won't — fiili tekrar etmezsin. Özne ne olursa olsun kalıp aynıdır.
| Soru | Olumlu | Olumsuz |
|---|---|---|
| Will it rain tomorrow? | Yes, it will. | No, it won't. |
| Will you help me? | Yes, I will. | No, I won't. |
| Will they win the match? | Yes, they will. | No, they won't. |
will'in en yaygın işi gelecekle ilgili tahmin yapmaktır. A prediction is a guess about the future — bir düşünce, bir his, bir beklenti. Elimizde kesin bir kanıt olmasa da, "bence böyle olacak" deriz. Bu yüzden will çoğu zaman I think, I believe, I'm sure, maybe, probably gibi kelimelerle birlikte gelir.
will'in ikinci işi, tam o anda verdiğin kararları anlatmaktır. You did not plan it before; you decide now, while you are speaking. İşte tam bu an için will (genellikle 'll) kullanırız.
| Durum | Anlık karar (will) | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| Telefon çalıyor | I'll answer it. | Ben bakarım. |
| Susadın | I'll have a glass of water. | Bir bardak su alayım. |
| Arkadaşın yorgun | Don't worry, I'll help you. | Merak etme, sana yardım ederim. |
| Kapı çalındı | That's the door — I'll get it. | Kapı çaldı — ben açarım. |
Bu, A2'nin en önemli farklarından biridir. Both talk about the future, but the speaker's mind is different. Kısaca: plan ve kanıt varsa be going to; tahmin ve anlık karar varsa will.
| Anlam | be going to | will |
|---|---|---|
| Önceden yapılmış plan | I'm going to visit Rome next month. | — |
| Anlık karar | — | It's cold. I'll close the window. |
| Kanıtlı tahmin (görüyorum) | Look at those clouds! It's going to rain. | — |
| Genel tahmin / fikir | — | I think it will rain tomorrow. |
will genellikle bir gelecek zaman ifadesiyle birlikte gelir. These words point to the future. En sık kullanılanlar şunlardır:
| İfade | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| tomorrow | yarın | I will call you tomorrow. |
| next week / month / year | gelecek hafta / ay / yıl | She will start next week. |
| tonight | bu gece | We will finish it tonight. |
| in the future | gelecekte | Robots will help us in the future. |
| in 2050 / in ten years | 2050'de / on yıl içinde | Cities will change in 2050. |
Türkçe konuşanların will'de en sık yaptığı hatalar aşağıda. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu listeyle kontrol et:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| She will comes tomorrow. | She will come tomorrow. | will'den sonra yalın fiil (-s yok). |
| He wills help you. | He will help you. | will özneye göre değişmez. |
| I will to call you. | I will call you. | will'den sonra "to" gelmez. |
| Will you to come? | Will you come? | Soruda da "to" yok. |
| I not will go. | I will not (won't) go. | Olumsuz: will + not = won't. |
| The phone is ringing. I'm going to answer it. | The phone is ringing. I'll answer it. | Anlık karar → will, going to değil. |
| I think it won't to rain. | I don't think it will rain. | Olumsuzluk think'e geçer; "to" yok. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Two colleagues talk about the weather and their plans. Koyu yazılan will / won't yapılarına dikkat ederek iki kez oku:
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the words, then use them in your own predictions with will. (Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi will'li tahmin cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences about the future. Use at least 8 of the words above. (Gelecek hakkında 8 cümle yaz. Yukarıdaki kelimelerden en az 8'ini kullan.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
İyi okuyucular metne hazırlıklı girer. Before you read, think about these three questions (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Words to spot (Metinde geçen, Speaking bölümünden tanıdığın kelimeler): future · predict · maybe · promise · change · improve · sure · soon · plan
Next month, Baytek will launch its first smart home product, and everyone at the office is excited. Last week, the manager, Mr. Demir, called a meeting. 'This product will change our company,' he said. 'I'm sure it will be a success.'
Baytek is a small technology company in Istanbul. It started six years ago with only four people. Now the company has thirty workers, and it makes small machines for the home. A smart home product is a machine that you can control with your phone. For example, you can turn on the lights, or you can open the door, when you are not at home. Baytek's new product has a short name: 'HomeBox'. It is small and white, and it works with a free app.
The HomeBox app has three main parts. The first part controls the lights, the second part controls the door, and the third part shows the temperature of the rooms. Users can also make a timer. For example, the lights will turn on at seven o'clock every evening. Ali is proud of this idea. 'It is simple, but it is very useful,' he said. 'Old people and young people can both understand it.'
Selin is the project leader. She thinks the launch will go well, but she is also a little nervous. 'The design is ready,' she said, 'so we will start the advertisements soon. I think many young people will like it, because it is simple and cheap.'
The design team worked for many months on HomeBox. First, they drew many pictures on the computer. Then, they made a small plastic model. The buttons are big, so old people can use them too. The price will be low, because Selin wants families to buy it. 'We will show the product on the internet,' she said. 'We will make photos and videos for social media, and we will send emails to our old customers. When people see how easy it is, they will want one.'
Ali, the engineer, is more careful. 'Maybe some customers won't understand the app at first,' he said. 'So we will make a short video. When people watch it, they will learn how to use the product in five minutes.'
Ali and his team test the app every day. Sometimes the app is slow, and sometimes a button does not work. So the engineers write notes, and then they fix the problems. Last week, ten people came to the office and tried HomeBox. Most of them liked it, but two people did not understand the first screen. 'This is good news,' Ali said. 'Now we know the problem, so we will make the app more simple.' After the test, the team changed three things in the app.
The team has big plans. Next year, they will open a new office in Ankara, and they will hire ten more engineers. 'If the first product sells well, we will build a bigger one,' Mr. Demir promised. 'We won't stop here.'
The new office in Ankara will be big and modern. It will have a large room for the engineers and a small kitchen for lunch. When the new engineers start, Ali will teach them for two weeks. 'I will show them our machines, and I will answer their questions,' he said. The company also wants young workers. So next month, Baytek will visit two universities, and it will look for clever students. 'We will give them real work,' Mr. Demir said, 'because young people bring new ideas.'
The launch day will be very important. In the morning, the team will clean the office and put up posters. Journalists and customers will come at two o'clock. Selin will stand in front of the people, and she will show HomeBox on a big screen. Then Mr. Demir will speak about the future of the company. After the speeches, everyone will drink tea and eat cake together. 'I am a little nervous about that day,' Selin said, 'but I know we are ready.' The team practised the show three times, so they will not make mistakes.
After the launch, Baytek will make many HomeBox machines. A small factory near Istanbul will help the company. Every week, the factory will build about five hundred machines. The workers will check each machine two times, because Baytek wants good quality. If a machine has a problem, the workers will not send it to the shops. 'A happy customer is very important,' Selin always says. 'When people trust us, they will buy our next product too.'
People will be able to buy HomeBox in two ways. First, they can buy it on the Baytek website. Second, some shops in big cities will sell it too. The price will be low, so many families can pay for it. Baytek will also give one year of help for free. 'If your machine stops, you can call us,' Selin said. 'We will fix it, or we will send you a new one.' The team hopes that customers will feel happy and safe with this promise, because good service brings people back.
Mrs. Kaya is one of the first customers. She is seventy years old, and she lives alone. Her son bought a HomeBox for her last month. Now she can turn off all the lights from her bed, and she feels safe. 'I am not good with technology,' she said, 'but this app is easy.' Selin was very happy when she read Mrs. Kaya's message. 'This is why we work,' she told the team. 'We help real people.'
Mr. Demir has a big dream for Baytek. He wants the company to sell products in other countries. 'Maybe in three years, people in Europe will use our machines,' he said. 'But first, we must be strong in Turkey.' The team knows the road will be long and hard. Still, they believe in their work. Before every meeting, Mr. Demir says the same words: 'We are a team, so we will win together.'
Life at Baytek is busy but friendly. The team starts work at nine o'clock, and they finish at six. At lunch, they often eat together and talk about new ideas. Sometimes the work is difficult, and people feel tired. But they help each other, and they laugh a lot. 'A good team is like a family,' Selin says. 'When we are together, no problem is too big.'
Selin smiled. 'The future will be busy,' she said, 'but I think it will be exciting too. Before the launch we will work hard, and after it we will celebrate together.' Nobody knows exactly what will happen, but one thing is sure: Baytek will not stay small for long.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Complete the sentences with the correct past verb from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki doğru geçmiş fiille tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. Why does Ali want to make a short video?
2. What will Baytek do next year?
3. How does Selin feel about the future? Why?
Metinde and, but, so, because, when, if, before ve after bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları kendi yazında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
Listen to a talk about the seasons, then answer in two rounds. (Mevsimlerle ilgili bir konuşmayı dinle, sonra iki turda cevapla.)
Konuşmacı dört mevsimi anlatıyor: kişisel deneyimlerini ve nerede yaşadığını paylaşıyor. Before you listen, learn these words — they will help you understand the recording. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri önce oku:
| Word | Anlamı |
|---|---|
| spring / summer / fall / winter | ilkbahar / yaz / sonbahar / kış |
| autumn | sonbahar (fall ile aynı) |
| daylight (saving) | gün ışığı; yaz saati uygulaması |
| summer break | yaz tatili |
| to skiing / snowboarding | kayak / snowboard yapmak |
İstediğin kadar dinleyebilirsin. Duraklat, geri sar, tekrar dinle. (Listen as many times as you need.)
Listen once, then choose the correct answer. (Bir kez dinle, sonra doğru cevabı seç.) — 5 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Listen again, then complete the sentences with one word. (Tekrar dinle, sonra cümleleri birer kelimeyle tamamla.)
Write and submit your paragraph; your teacher will review it. (Paragrafını yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Cümleleri alt alta dizmek bir yazı oluşturmaz. What turns a list of sentences into a real text is connectors (bağlaçlar): cümleleri birbirine bağlar, fikirler arasındaki ilişkiyi gösterirler. Geleceği anlatırken özellikle if (koşul) ve when (zaman) çok işine yarar. These are perfect for making predictions.
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | Robots will help us and save our time. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | Life will be easier but busier. |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | Cities will grow, so we will need more parks. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | I will study hard because I want a good job. |
| if | eğer | Koşul bildirir | If we work together, we will succeed. |
| when | -diğinde | Zaman bildirir | When I finish school, I will travel. |
| before / after | -den önce / sonra | Sıra bildirir | After I graduate, I will find a job. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı yazı ✓ |
|---|---|
| I will finish school. I will study medicine. It will be hard. I will not give up. I will become a doctor. | When I finish school, I will study medicine. It will be hard, but I won't give up, because I really want to become a doctor. |
Bir tahmin paragrafı üç bölümden oluşur. This skeleton is the same every time — içini değiştirirsin, yapıyı değiştirmezsin:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Giriş (Opening) | Konu cümlesi: neyin geleceğinden bahsedeceksin | I think life will change a lot in the future. |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Tahminlerin, sırayla. Bağlaçlarla ve I think / maybe ile bağla. | Maybe cars will fly, and robots will do our jobs... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Son bir tahmin / genel his | I'm not sure, but I hope the future will be good. |
Write your predictions about the future. (Gelecek hakkındaki tahminlerini yaz.) Use will and won't. Konu senin seçimin: yaşamın on yıl sonra, teknoloji, şehrin, ya da kendi geleceğin.
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...