Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Şimdiye kadar geçmişten ve bugünden konuştun. Now it is time to talk about the future — your plans and intentions. Bir arkadaşına hafta sonu ne yapacağını, tatilde nereye gideceğini ya da bu akşam ne pişireceğini anlatmak istediğinde yeni bir yapıya ihtiyacın var: be going to. Bu yapı, önceden karar verdiğin planları ve niyetleri anlatır — henüz olmadı, ama yapmaya karar verdin.
Bu bölümde önce be going to yapısını, sonra olumsuz ve soru hâllerini öğreneceğiz. Then we will look at future time expressions (tomorrow, next week, tonight), the difference between be going to and the Present Continuous for plans, and common mistakes. Adım adım gidelim.
Yapı üç parçadan oluşur: doğru be fiili (am/is/are) + going to + fiilin yalın hâli. The verb never changes — you only change am / is / are to match the subject. Fiil her zaman yalın kalır (go, eat, work...).
| Özne | be | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am ('m) | I am going to travel. | Seyahat edeceğim. |
| he / she / it | is ('s) | He is going to travel. | Seyahat edecek. |
| you / we / they | are ('re) | They are going to travel. | Seyahat edecekler. |
Olumsuz yapmak çok kolay: be fiilinden sonra not eklersin. You do not need any helper like "don't" — the negative is inside am / is / are. Fiil yine yalın kalır.
| Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| I'm not going to + fiil | I'm not going to work tomorrow. | Yarın çalışmayacağım. |
| isn't / 's not going to | She isn't going to come tonight. | Bu akşam gelmeyecek. |
| aren't / 're not going to | We aren't going to stay long. | Uzun kalmayacağız. |
Soru sormak için be fiilini öznenin önüne alırsın. To make a question, put am / is / are before the subject. Kısa cevapta ana fiili tekrar etmezsin — sadece be fiilini kullanırsın.
| Soru | Olumlu cevap | Olumsuz cevap |
|---|---|---|
| Are you going to travel? | Yes, I am. | No, I'm not. |
| Is she going to come? | Yes, she is. | No, she isn't. |
| Are they going to help? | Yes, they are. | No, they aren't. |
Two main uses. be going to'nun iki temel kullanımı vardır ve ikisi de bu ünitenin kalbidir:
| Kullanım | Ne demek? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Plan (önceden karar verilmiş) | Zaten karar verdin, planladın | We are going to get married in June. |
| Niyet (intention) | Yapmayı düşündüğün, istediğin şey | I am going to learn to drive this year. |
be going to genellikle bir gelecek zaman ifadesiyle birlikte gelir. These words tell the listener when the plan is. En sık kullanılanlar şunlardır:
| İfade | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| tomorrow | yarın | I'm going to call you tomorrow. |
| tonight | bu akşam / bu gece | We're going to watch a film tonight. |
| next week / month / year | gelecek hafta / ay / yıl | She's going to start next month. |
| this weekend / summer | bu hafta sonu / bu yaz | They're going to travel this summer. |
| in + zaman | ... sonra | The train is going to leave in ten minutes. |
A2'de kafa karıştıran bir nokta: gelecekteki planlar için hem be going to hem de Present Continuous (am/is/are + -ing) kullanılabilir. The good news: with plans, they are often very close in meaning. Küçük farkı gör:
| Yapı | Vurgu | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| be going to | Niyet / karar (kesin zaman şart değil) | I'm going to see the dentist soon. |
| Present Continuous | Ayarlanmış plan (zaman/yer belli, randevu gibi) | I'm seeing the dentist at 3 o'clock. |
Türkçe konuşanların be going to'da en sık yaptığı hatalar aşağıda. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu listeyle kontrol et:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| I going to travel. | I am going to travel. | be fiili (am) unutulmaz. |
| She is going to travels. | She is going to travel. | going to'dan sonra yalın fiil. |
| He is going to studying. | He is going to study. | yalın fiil, -ing değil. |
| We don't going to come. | We aren't going to come. | olumsuz: be + not (don't değil). |
| Do you going to help? | Are you going to help? | soru: be özneden önce (Do değil). |
| They are going to buys a car. | They are going to buy a car. | özne çoğul da olsa fiil yalın. |
| I am going to home tonight. | I am going to go home tonight. | "go" fiili gerekir; "going to" tek başına yeterli değil. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Two colleagues talk about their summer plans. Koyu yazılan be going to yapılarına dikkat ederek iki kez oku:
Bu üniteden ayrılmadan önce şu dört kuralı ölçebilmelisin — kendini her birinde test et:
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the words, then use them in your own future-plan sentences. (Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi gelecek-plan cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences about your future plans. Use at least 8 of the words above. (Gelecek planların hakkında 8 cümle yaz. Yukarıdaki kelimelerden en az 8'ini kullan.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
İyi okuyucular metne hazırlıklı girer. Before you read, think about these three questions (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Words to spot (Metinde geçen, Speaking bölümünden tanıdığın kelimeler): plan · move · visit · start · save · book · travel · learn · next · tonight
Next month is going to be very exciting at Baytek. The company is going to open a new office in Izmir, so the whole team is very busy with plans. Selin is going to move to the new office because she is from Izmir and she wants to be near her family.
Baytek is a small company. It makes computer parts. Right now, it has only one office. The office is in Istanbul. But the company is growing fast, so it needs more space. This is good news for everybody. The new office is going to be big and modern. It is going to have a large kitchen, a quiet reading room, and a green garden. The workers are very happy about this plan.
The new office is going to open in the autumn. It is going to be near the sea. From the windows, the team is going to see the water and the boats. There is going to be a small cafe on the first floor. People are going to drink coffee and talk there. Before the opening day, many workers are going to travel to Izmir and clean the rooms. They are going to bring new desks, new chairs, and new computers.
On Monday, the managers are going to meet the team and explain everything. After the meeting, Selin is going to book her flight and look for a new flat. She isn't going to sell her car, so she is going to drive it to Izmir next week.
Selin is very happy about the move. She is going to live near her family again. Her mother and father live in Izmir, and she is going to visit them every weekend. First, she is going to find a small flat near the office. Then she is going to paint the walls and buy some furniture. Her sister is going to help her. "I am not going to feel alone in Izmir," Selin said. "My family is going to be near me, and this is going to make me very happy."
This week, Selin is very busy. She is going to pack her books, her clothes, and her plates in boxes. She is not going to take her old sofa because it is too big for the car. On Friday, her friends are going to come to her flat. They are going to have a small goodbye party. They are going to eat pizza and remember happy days. "We are going to miss you," Ali said. "But we are going to call you every week."
Next week, Selin is going to drive to Izmir. It is a long road, so she is going to start early in the morning. She is going to stop two times and drink coffee. Her friend Deniz is going to travel with her in the car. They are going to listen to music and talk about the future. "The road is going to be long," Selin said, "but it is going to be fun with a friend."
Ali and Merve are not going to move, but they are going to visit the new office in the summer. "We are going to help with the training," Ali said. "When the office opens, we are going to travel to Izmir for two weeks."
Ali and Merve like their home in Istanbul, so they are not going to change it. But they are going to be very busy this year too. In the summer, they are going to teach the new workers in Izmir. Ali is going to show the team how to use the machines. Merve is going to teach the office computer programs. "The new people are going to learn fast," Merve said. "We are going to help them every day, and soon they are going to work alone."
The team also has personal plans. Mark is going to learn Spanish because he is going to travel to Spain in September. Merve is going to save money this year, so she isn't going to buy a new phone. Before the summer, the whole team is going to have a big dinner together.
Mark has a big plan. He is going to study Spanish three times a week. He is going to use an app on his phone, and he is going to watch Spanish films at home. In September, he is going to travel to Spain for a short holiday. He is going to visit Madrid and Barcelona. He is going to walk in the old streets and eat good food. "I am going to speak a little Spanish there," Mark said. "I am not going to be perfect, but I am going to try."
Merve is careful with money. This year, she is going to save a little every month. She is not going to buy a new phone, and she is not going to eat in restaurants very often. She is going to cook at home and take the bus to work. "I am going to save a lot of money," she said. "Next year, I am going to travel to a new country. Maybe I am going to visit Italy or Greece."
The new office is going to need more people. Next month, a new worker is going to join the team. Her name is Aylin, and she is from Izmir too. She is going to work with Selin every day. "I am going to learn a lot from you," Aylin said. "And you are going to show me the city," Selin said with a smile. The two women are going to be good friends.
The big dinner is going to be a special evening. The team is going to meet at a restaurant near the river. They are going to eat, talk, and laugh together. The managers are going to say "thank you" to everybody for their hard work. After dinner, some people are going to dance, and some people are going to go home early. It is going to be a warm and happy night. Everybody is going to take photos and remember this day.
Next year, Baytek is going to grow even more. The company is going to hire ten new workers. It is going to sell more products, and it is going to open a small online shop. The managers are going to give more training, and the team is going to learn new skills. "We are going to work together," the boss said, "and we are going to do great things."
Everybody is a little nervous, but they are also happy. Baytek is going to grow, and next year is going to be even better for everyone.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki doğru fiille tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. Why is Selin going to move to Izmir?
2. What are Ali and Merve going to do in the summer?
3. What are two of your own plans for next month? Use "be going to".
Metinde and, but, so, because, when, before ve after bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları kendi yazında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
A traveller talks about trips and travel. (Bir gezgin seyahatlerini anlatıyor.)
You will hear a short talk about travel. You will listen TWICE. First listen: answer questions 1-5. Second listen: answer questions 6-10. (Seyahatle ilgili kısa bir konuşma dinleyeceksin. Kaydı İKİ kez dinleyeceksin: ilk dinlemede 1-5, ikinci dinlemede 6-10.)
Write and submit your paragraph; your teacher will review it. (Paragrafını yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Cümleleri alt alta dizmek bir yazı oluşturmaz. What turns a list of sentences into a real text is connectors (bağlaçlar): cümleleri birbirine bağlar, fikirler arasındaki ilişkiyi gösterirler. A2 seviyesinde when, after, before zaman bağlaçları da elimizde. These are perfect for organising your plans in order — hangi olay önce, hangisi sonra.
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | I'm going to rest and read a book. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | I'm going to travel, but not by plane. |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | I want to save money, so I'm going to stay home. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | I'm going to study English because I need it for work. |
| when | -diğinde | Zaman bağlar | When the holiday starts, we're going to travel. |
| after | -den sonra | Sonraki olay | After the exam, I'm going to relax. |
| before | -den önce | Önceki olay | I'm going to book a hotel before we leave. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı yazı ✓ |
|---|---|
| Next month I'm going to travel. I'm going to visit Izmir. I'm going to save money. I'm not going to fly. I'm going to take the bus. | Next month I'm going to travel to Izmir because my family lives there. I'm going to save money, so I'm not going to fly. Before I leave, I'm going to book a bus ticket. |
Bir plan paragrafı üç bölümden oluşur. This skeleton is the same every time — içini değiştirirsin, yapıyı değiştirmezsin:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Giriş (Opening) | Konu cümlesi: ne zaman, genel his | Next month is going to be very busy for me. |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Planların, sırayla. Bağlaçlar ve gelecek zaman ifadeleriyle bağla. | First, I'm going to start a course, and after that we're going to... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Son bir yorum / genel değerlendirme | I'm not going to travel far, but I'm going to enjoy my month a lot. |
Write about your plans for next month or your next holiday. (Gelecek ay ya da bir sonraki tatilin için planlarını anlat.) Use be going to.
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...