Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Hayat koşullarla doludur: "Eğer yarın hava güzel olursa, pikniğe gideriz." We use the First Conditional to talk about a real or possible situation in the future and its result. Yani gelecekte gerçekleşmesi mümkün bir koşul ve o koşul gerçekleşirse ne olacağını anlatır. Bu, hayal değil; gerçekten olabilecek bir şeydir.
Dikkat et: iki bölüm var. Biri koşul (if + Present Simple), diğeri sonuç (will + fiil). Bu bölümde bu yapıyı, virgül kuralını, won't ile olumsuz sonucu ve unless bağlacını adım adım öğreneceğiz.
First Conditional iki cümlecikten oluşur. The if-clause (koşul) uses the Present Simple, and the main clause (sonuç) uses will + base verb. Türkçedeki "-irse ... -ir/-ecek" kalıbına çok benzer.
| if-clause (koşul) | main clause (sonuç) | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| if + Present Simple | will + yalın fiil | If I see her, I will tell her. |
| gerçekleşmesi olası koşul | o koşulun sonucu | If we hurry, we will catch the bus. |
İki cümleciğin sırasını değiştirebilirsin; anlam aynı kalır. But the punctuation changes. When the if-clause comes first, we put a comma. When the main clause comes first, we do NOT use a comma.
| Sıra | Virgül? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| if-clause önce | Virgül var , | If you help me, I will finish faster. |
| main clause önce | Virgül yok | I will finish faster if you help me. |
Sonuç bölümünü olumsuz yapmak için will not = won't kullanırız. Koşulu olumsuz yapmak istersen, if-clause içinde don't / doesn't kullanırsın (çünkü orası Present Simple'dır).
| Tür | Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Olumlu sonuç | if + Present, will + fiil | If you ask, she will help. | Sorarsan, yardım eder. |
| Olumsuz sonuç | if + Present, won't + fiil | If you are late, we won't wait. | Geç kalırsan, beklemeyeceğiz. |
| Olumsuz koşul | if + don't/doesn't, will + fiil | If you don't hurry, you will miss it. | Acele etmezsen, kaçıracaksın. |
| Soru | What will ... if + Present? | What will you do if it rains? | Yağmur yağarsa ne yapacaksın? |
unless, "eğer ... -mazsa / -medikçe" demektir. It means the same as if ... not. unless kullandığında, arkasından gelen fiil olumludur — çünkü olumsuzluk zaten "unless" kelimesinin içindedir.
| if ... not ile | unless ile (aynı anlam) |
|---|---|
| If you don't hurry, you will miss the train. | Unless you hurry, you will miss the train. |
| We won't go out if it doesn't stop raining. | We won't go out unless it stops raining. |
| If she doesn't call, I will be worried. | Unless she calls, I will be worried. |
İki koşul cümlesini karıştırmak kolaydır. Zero Conditional her zaman doğru olan gerçekleri anlatır (if + Present, ... Present). First Conditional ise gelecekteki olası bir durumu ve sonucunu anlatır (if + Present, ... will).
| Tür | Ne için? | Yapı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zero | Genel gerçek / her zaman | if + Present, ... Present | If you heat water, it boils. |
| First | Gelecekte olası tek durum | if + Present, ... will | If you heat the soup, I will eat it. |
Türkçe konuşanların First Conditional'da en sık yaptığı hatalar aşağıda. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu listeyle kontrol et:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| If I will see him, I will tell him. | If I see him, I will tell him. | if'ten sonra will olmaz; Present Simple gelir. |
| If it will rain, we stay home. | If it rains, we will stay home. | Koşul Present, sonuç will olmalı. |
| Unless you don't hurry, you will be late. | Unless you hurry, you will be late. | unless zaten "if not"tur; sonrası olumlu. |
| If she comes, I telling her. | If she comes, I will tell her. | Sonuç bölümünde will + yalın fiil gerekir. |
| If you will be free, call me. | If you are free, call me. | if + are (Present); sonuç emir de olabilir. |
| If he studies, he pass the test. | If he studies, he will pass the test. | Sonuçta will unutulmamalı. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Two friends make a plan for Saturday. Koyu yazılan First Conditional ve unless yapılarına dikkat ederek iki kez oku:
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the words, then use them in your own conditional sentences. (Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi koşul cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences about conditions and results. Use at least 8 of the words above. (Koşul ve sonuçlarla ilgili 8 cümle yaz. Yukarıdaki kelimelerden en az 8'ini kullan.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
İyi okuyucular metne hazırlıklı girer. Before you read, think about these three questions (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Words to spot (Metinde geçen, Speaking bölümünden tanıdığın kelimeler): plan · succeed · solution · careful · warn · save · depend · unless
Baytek is a small company in Istanbul. It makes smart home lights. The lights are easy to use, and many people like them. This year, the team wants to grow. They want to sell their lights in more cities and in more shops. So they have big news, and everybody is excited.
The team is small, but the people work hard. There are six people in the office. They know each other well, and they help each other every day. When there is a hard job, they do it together. This month, they have their biggest job of the year.
Next month, Baytek will launch a new product, and the whole team has a plan. Selin, the project manager, called a meeting on Monday. 'This is important,' she said. 'If we work together, we will finish on time.'
Everybody in the room listened to Selin. Some people were a little nervous, but most of them felt happy. A new product is always exciting. 'We have four weeks,' Selin said. 'It is not a lot of time. If we plan well, we will be ready. But if we lose time now, we will have big problems later.' The team wrote the plan on the whiteboard.
The plan has three steps. First, the design team will prepare the samples. If the samples are ready by Friday, the engineers will start the tests. But if there is a problem with the materials, the tests will not begin, so everybody must be careful and check the details.
The design team is very busy this week. Deniz leads the team, and she works with two young designers. First, they draw the new product on the computer. Then they build a small sample by hand. 'If we finish the first sample today, we will test the colours tomorrow,' Deniz said. She looks at every part with great attention. A small mistake now can cause a big problem later, so she is always careful.
Second, Merve will talk to the client in Ankara. 'If the client likes our idea, we will sign the contract next week,' she explained. 'Unless he changes his mind, we will start production in May.'
Merve is good with people, and she often travels to other cities for work. Tomorrow she will take the early train to Ankara. She will show the client the new sample and the price list. 'The client is kind, but he asks many questions,' she said. 'If I answer his questions well, he will trust us. And if he trusts us, he will give us a big order.' Merve is not worried, because she knows the product is good.
Third, Ali will manage the money. 'If we spend too much on the materials, we will not have enough for marketing,' he warned. 'We will only succeed if we save a little on every step. Our budget depends on good planning.'
Ali sat with his computer and a long list of numbers. Money is not easy, and he knows it well. He wants the plan to work, but he also wants to stay safe. 'We have enough money for now,' he said. 'But prices can change fast. If a price goes up, we will need a new plan. So we must watch our budget every single week.' The team agreed with him.
At the end of the meeting, Selin smiled. 'I know this is hard,' she said. 'But if we stay calm and help each other, we will find a solution for every problem. Unless something goes very wrong, Baytek will have a great launch.' The team felt ready, and everyone went back to work with a clear goal.
The next morning, the team started work early. The designers finished the first sample before lunch, and it looked clean and modern. Selin was very happy. 'This is a good start,' she said. 'If the tests go well, we will move to the next step quickly. But we must not relax too soon.'
On Wednesday, the engineers tested the sample. They checked the light, the buttons, and the battery. Most things worked well, but there was one small problem with the switch. 'Don't worry,' the engineer said. 'If we change one part, the switch will work fine. We will fix it before Friday.' Everybody trusted him, and the work went on.
On Thursday, Merve came back from Ankara with good news. The client liked the sample very much. 'He wants to sign the contract,' she said with a big smile. 'Unless something changes, we will start production in May, just like our plan.' The team was happy, and Ali wrote the new numbers in his file.
Marketing is also part of the plan. Baytek will put the new lights on its website and on social media. 'If we show the product in a good video, more people will see it,' Merve said. 'And if people see it, they will want to buy it.' The team will also send an email to their old customers. Good marketing does not cost a lot, but it needs a clear idea.
Many customers already know about the new lights. Last month, Baytek showed a small photo online, and many people asked about the price. 'People are waiting for this product,' Selin said. 'If we give them a good light at a fair price, they will come back again and again.' A happy customer often tells a friend, and that is the best marketing of all.
Of course, not every day was easy. On Friday, one box of materials came very late. The team waited for two hours, and some people were worried. But Selin stayed calm. 'If we help each other, we will still finish,' she said. 'One late box will not stop us.' In the end, the box arrived, and the team finished the samples on time.
By the end of the week, the plan was on track. The sample was ready, the client was happy, and the budget was safe. 'This is great,' Ali said. 'But we are not finished yet. We will succeed only if we work hard until the last day.' Everybody agreed with him.
The team also thought about the launch day itself. They will invite some shops and a few reporters to the office. 'If the launch day goes well, our new lights will be in the news,' Ali said. 'And if we are in the news, more shops will call us.' Everybody liked this idea, and they started to plan the big day.
Baytek still has a lot of work before the big day. There will be more tests, more phone calls, and some long days. But the team is not afraid. They have a clear plan, a good product, and trust in each other. If they stay strong and follow the plan, next month will be a great month for Baytek.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Complete the sentences with the correct word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki doğru kelimeyle tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. What will happen if the samples are ready by Friday?
2. Why is Ali worried about the money?
3. How does Selin help the team feel ready?
Metinde if, unless, and, but, so bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları kendi yazında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
Play the conditional chain game, then test yourself. (Koşul zinciri oyununu oyna, sonra kendini test et.)
Önce oku. Two colleagues plan a busy Friday. Read it aloud two times — first as A, then as B. Koyu yazılan First Conditional ve unless yapılarına dikkat et; bunları birazdan kendi konuşmanda kullanacaksın.
Bu oyun tek başına ya da bir arkadaşınla oynanır. One person says an if sentence. Sonraki kişi, ilk cümlenin sonucunu alıp yeni bir koşula çevirir — böylece bir zincir oluşur. Amaç: First Conditional'ı hızlı ve akıcı kurabilmek.
Şimdi sıra sende. Aşağıdaki başlangıçlardan devam et ve zinciri en az 4 halka uzat. Sesli söyle. (Continue the chain out loud for at least 4 links.)
Aşağıdaki gerçek durumları First Conditional ya da unless ile sesli tamamla. Tek doğru cevap yok; önemli olan doğru yapıyı kurman.
Söylediğin koşul zincirini ya da senaryo cümlelerini yazıya dök ve öğretmenine gönder — istersen. (Write down your chain or scenario sentences and submit them for feedback — optional.) 5-6 cümlelik kısa bir metin yeterli.
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will review your speaking task.)
10 questions on the First Conditional and unless. (First Conditional ve unless üzerine 10 karışık soru.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Write and submit your paragraph; your teacher will review it. (Paragrafını yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Koşul cümleleri tek başlarına dururlarsa yazı kopuk olur. What turns single conditions into a real plan is connectors (bağlaçlar): if ve unless koşulu kurar, and, but, so, because ise fikirleri birbirine bağlar. Aşağıdaki tabloyu yazarken yanında tut.
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| if | eğer | Koşul kurar | If it rains, we will stay in. |
| unless | -mezse | Olumsuz koşul kurar | Unless you hurry, you will be late. |
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | We will meet and we will plan. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | I will try, but it will be hard. |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | It may rain, so take a coat. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | I will save money because I want a bike. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı yazı ✓ |
|---|---|
| The weather will be nice. I will go hiking. I will feel tired. I will be happy. | If the weather is nice, I will go hiking, and I will feel tired but happy because I love the mountains. |
Bir plan paragrafı üç bölümden oluşur. This skeleton is the same every time — içini değiştirirsin, yapıyı değiştirmezsin:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Giriş (Opening) | Planın ne olduğu, ne zaman | Next weekend I have a big plan. |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Koşullar ve sonuçlar (if / unless + will) | If the weather is nice, I will go hiking, and... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Genel bir umut / değerlendirme | Unless something goes wrong, it will be perfect. |
Write about a future plan and its possible results. (Gelecekteki bir planını ve olası sonuçlarını anlat.) Use the First Conditional.
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...