Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Şimdiye kadar rutinleri anlattın: "I work at Baytek." (Baytek'te çalışırım.) Peki tam şu anda olan bir şeyi nasıl söylersin? Bunun için Present Continuous kullanırız — Türkçedeki "-yor" ekinin tam karşılığıdır ve telefonda en çok ihtiyaç duyacağın zamandır. Çünkü telefonda hep "şu an" konuşulur: kim ne yapıyor, kim müsait, kim meşgul?
Yapı iki parçadan oluşur: Ünite 1'den tanıdığın be fiili (am/is/are) + fiilin -ing'li hâli. İkisi birlikte "şu an oluyor" anlamını verir. Bu bölümde yapıyı, -ing yazım kurallarını, olumsuz ve soru hâllerini, Present Simple ile farkını ve telefon kalıplarını tek tek işleyeceğiz.
Kural tektir: özneye göre doğru be formunu seç (Ünite 1'deki kuralın aynısı), sonra fiile -ing ekle. Cümle kurgusu: Özne + am/is/are + fiil-ing + geri kalanı.
| Özne | be + -ing | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am working (I'm working) | I am writing the report. | Raporu yazıyorum. |
| You | are working (You're working) | You are speaking very fast! | Çok hızlı konuşuyorsun! |
| He | is working (He's working) | He is talking on the phone. | O telefonda konuşuyor. |
| She | is working (She's working) | She is talking to a customer. | O bir müşteriyle konuşuyor. |
| It | is working (It's working) | The phone is ringing. | Telefon çalıyor. |
| We | are working (We're working) | We are working on the new app. | Yeni uygulama üzerinde çalışıyoruz. |
| They | are working (They're working) | They are having lunch. | Onlar öğle yemeği yiyorlar. |
Çoğu fiile -ing doğrudan eklenir, ama üç yazım kuralı vardır. Bu kurallar sınavlarda ve yazıda çok sorulur:
| Kural | Örnekler |
|---|---|
| 1. Normal durum: fiil + ing | work → working · call → calling · answer → answering · wait → waiting |
| 2. Sonu -e ile bitiyorsa: -e düşer, sonra + ing | write → writing · have → having · take → taking · make → making |
| 3. Tek heceli, kısa ünlü + tek sessiz: son harf çift yazılır | sit → sitting · get → getting · put → putting · run → running |
| 4. Sonu -y ile bitiyorsa: -y aynen kalır | study → studying · stay → staying · buy → buying |
Olumsuz için Ünite 1'den bildiğin yolu izle: be'den sonra not ekle, -ing aynen kalır. Yapı: Özne + am not / isn't / aren't + fiil-ing.
| Tam form | Kısa form | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am not working | I'm not working | I'm not waiting for a call. | Bir çağrı beklemiyorum. |
| He / She / It is not working | isn't working | He isn't answering his phone. | O telefonuna cevap vermiyor. |
| You / We / They are not working | aren't working | They aren't working today. | Onlar bugün çalışmıyorlar. |
Soru için be öznenin önüne geçer — Ünite 1'deki kuralın aynısı. -ing'li fiil yerinde kalır: You are calling. → Are you calling?
| Soru | Olumlu kısa cevap | Olumsuz kısa cevap |
|---|---|---|
| Are you calling about the invoice? | Yes, I am. | No, I'm not. |
| Is she talking to a customer? | Yes, she is. | No, she isn't. |
| Is the phone ringing? | Yes, it is. | No, it isn't. |
| Are they having lunch? | Yes, they are. | No, they aren't. |
Bu iki zamanı ayırmak A1'in en önemli eşiğidir. Kural basittir: rutin ve genel gerçekler → Present Simple, şu an olan → Present Continuous. Türkçesi bile farklıdır: "kontrol ederim" / "kontrol ediyorum".
| Present Simple (rutin) | Present Continuous (şu an) |
|---|---|
| I check emails every morning. Her sabah e-postaları kontrol ederim. | I am checking emails now. Şu an e-postaları kontrol ediyorum. |
| She talks to customers every day. Her gün müşterilerle konuşur. | She is talking to a customer right now. Tam şu an bir müşteriyle konuşuyor. |
| He usually answers the phone. Genellikle telefona o cevap verir. | He isn't answering the phone at the moment. Şu anda telefona cevap vermiyor. |
Telefon İngilizcesi kalıplarla işler. Bu altı kalıbı ezberle — her iş telefonunda geçerler ve çoğu bu ünitenin gramerini kullanır:
| Kalıp | Türkçesi | Ne zaman? |
|---|---|---|
| "Hello, this is Deniz from Baytek." | Merhaba, ben Baytek'ten Deniz. | Kendini tanıtırken. Telefonda "I am Deniz" değil, "This is Deniz" denir! |
| "Can I speak to Mr. Demir, please?" | Bay Demir ile görüşebilir miyim? | Birini telefona isterken. |
| "He is in a meeting at the moment." | Kendisi şu anda toplantıda. | Aranan kişi müsait değilken. |
| "One moment, please." | Bir saniye lütfen. | Arayanı bekletirken / aktarırken. |
| "Can I take a message?" | Mesajınızı alabilir miyim? | Aranan kişi yokken mesaj almak için. |
| "I'm calling about the invoice." | Fatura hakkında arıyorum. | Arama sebebini söylerken — Present Continuous! |
Türkçe konuşanların Present Continuous ile en sık yaptığı hatalar şunlardır. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu listeyle kontrol et:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| I working now. | I am working now. | am/is/are atlanamaz — yapının yarısıdır. |
| She is work. | She is working. | be'den sonra fiil -ing almak zorundadır. |
| He is writeing an email. | He is writing an email. | Sondaki -e düşer: write → writing. |
| They are siting at their desks. | They are sitting at their desks. | Tek heceli kısa ünlü + sessiz: son harf çift yazılır (tek t ✗). |
| I am knowing the answer. | I know the answer. | know bir durum fiilidir; -ing almaz. (know, like, want gibi fiiller genellikle continuous yapılmaz — kısa uyarı, detayı A2'de.) |
| Are you understand? | Do you understand? | understand da durum fiilidir; sorusu Present Simple ile kurulur. |
| Yes, I'm. | Yes, I am. | Olumlu kısa cevapta kısaltma yapılmaz. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Aşağıdaki telefon görüşmesi bu bölümde öğrendiğin yapıların ve kalıpların tamamını kullanıyor — santral açıyor, aktarma deneniyor, mesaj alınıyor. Koyu yazılan yerlere dikkat ederek iki kez oku; ikinci okumada Türkçesini kapatmayı dene:
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the words, then use them in your own sentences. (Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences. Use at least 8 of the words above. (En az 8 kelimeyi kullanarak 8 cümle yaz.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
İyi okuyucular metne hazırlıklı girer. Okumaya başlamadan önce şu üç soruyu düşün (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Words to spot (Metinde geçen, Speaking bölümünden tanıdığın kelimeler — gözün bunları arasın): call · answer · ring · message · urgent · caller · busy · quiet
Elif is the receptionist at Baytek, a software company in Istanbul. She usually answers about twenty calls a day, but today is very different. This morning the phones are ringing all the time because the new app is out, and many customers are calling with questions.
Elif arrives at the office at half past eight every morning. She is a kind and friendly woman, and she likes her job very much. Her desk is next to the front door, so she sees everyone who comes in. On her desk there are two phones, a computer, a pen, and many small notes. There is also a green plant and a photo of her family. Today Elif is wearing a blue shirt. She has a cup of tea next to her computer, but the tea is cold now. She is very busy this morning, and she has no time for tea.
Right now, two phones are ringing at the same time. Elif answers the first phone. "Good morning, Baytek. How can I help you?" she says. The caller is a customer, and he wants to speak to a manager. Elif is always polite on the phone. She says, "One moment, please," and she looks for the right person. Then the second phone rings again. It is a busy morning, and Elif is working very hard. She is not tired yet, but she is very busy.
It is ten o'clock, and everyone in the office is busy. Mr. Demir, the manager, is in a meeting with an important customer, so Elif is taking messages for him. His phone is on silent, and he isn't answering any calls right now.
In the meeting room, Mr. Demir is talking about the new app. The important customer is asking many questions. Mr. Demir is showing some numbers on a big screen, and he is answering slowly and clearly. He is a calm man, and he is smiling. The meeting is going well. Elif knows this meeting is very important, so she is not sending any calls to his room. She is writing down every message for him on a small note.
Ali, an engineer, is fixing a bug in the new app. He is working very fast because customers are waiting. Next to him, Merve is talking to a customer from England. Her English is very good, and she is smiling.
Not every call is easy. One caller is angry, because his app is not working. "Please help me," he says. "My app is not opening!" Elif stays calm and kind. "I am very sorry," she says. "Ali is fixing the app right now. Can I take your number? He can call you back soon." The caller gives his mobile number, and he feels better. Elif writes his number on a note for Ali.
A new call comes in for Merve. "Hello, this is David from London," the caller says. "Can I speak to Merve, please?" Elif looks at Merve, but Merve is still on the phone with another customer. "I am sorry, she is busy at the moment," Elif says. "Can I take a message?" "Yes, please," says David. "Tell her I am calling about the new app. It is not urgent." Elif writes the message and puts it on Merve's desk.
Selin, the designer, is designing a new advertisement for the app. She is drinking coffee at her desk, and she is listening to music with her headphones.
The office is big and bright, with large windows. There are about ten desks and many computers. Some people are typing, and some people are talking on the phone. A printer near the window is working all the time. The coffee machine in the kitchen is very busy today, because everyone wants coffee. It is a hard morning, but the team is happy. The new app is popular, and many people are buying it and using it right now.
At ten past ten, a delivery man comes to the door. He has a big box for the office. "Good morning. This is a package for Baytek," he says. Elif signs the paper and takes the box. "Thank you very much," she says. The box is heavy, so she puts it under her desk. She is helping people all the time this morning — on the phone and at the door. Her job is never boring, and she likes that.
At the reception, there is a big sign with the company name: Baytek. Under the sign, there are some chairs for visitors. This morning, one visitor is waiting on a chair. He is reading a magazine, and he is drinking a glass of water. He has an appointment at eleven o'clock. Elif smiles at him and says, "Please wait a moment. Someone is coming soon." The visitor is happy to wait.
At half past ten, a caller leaves an urgent message. "Hello, this is Mr. Yılmaz. I am calling about an invoice. Please call me back — it is urgent." Elif writes the message on a note and puts it on Mr. Demir's desk.
Elif takes many messages this morning. For each call, she writes the name, the time, and a short message on a note. Some messages are urgent, and some messages are not. She puts the urgent notes on the top of the pile. Mr. Demir has seven notes on his desk now. Elif is very good at her job, because she is careful and fast. She never loses a message, and she always writes clearly.
Sometimes Elif cannot answer a call, because both phones are busy. Then the call goes to voicemail. Later, Elif listens to the voicemail and calls the caller back. "Hello, this is Elif from Baytek. You have a message for us," she says. She is friendly with every caller. For Elif, every caller is important, and every call is a chance to help.
At eleven o'clock, the phones become quiet, so Elif gets a coffee from the kitchen. She is tired but happy, because she is doing a good job on a very busy morning.
After her coffee, Elif feels better. She checks her messages one more time. She has five notes for Mr. Demir and two notes for Merve, and she puts them on the right desks. At twelve o'clock, Mr. Demir comes out of the meeting. "Thank you, Elif," he says. "You are doing a great job today." Elif is very happy. It is only lunchtime, but she is ready for the afternoon. She knows the phones are going to ring again very soon, and she is not afraid of a busy day.
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Complete the sentences with a word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki bir kelimeyle tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. What is Selin doing at her desk?
2. Why is Elif taking messages for Mr. Demir?
3. How does Elif feel at eleven o'clock? Why?
Metinde and, but, so ve because bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları öğrenip kendi yazında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
A man talks about breakfast in different countries. (Bir adam farklı ülkelerde kahvaltıyı anlatıyor.)
You will hear a short talk about breakfast. You will listen TWICE. First listen: answer questions 1-5. Second listen: answer questions 6-10. (Kısa bir konuşma dinleyeceksin. Kaydı İKİ kez dinleyeceksin: ilk dinlemede 1-5, ikinci dinlemede 6-10.)
Write and submit your email; your teacher will review it. (E-postanı yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Cümleleri alt alta dizmek bir yazı oluşturmaz. Bir yazıyı cümle yığınından ayıran şey bağlaçlardır (connectors): cümleleri birbirine bağlar, fikirler arasındaki ilişkiyi gösterirler. A1'in beş bağlacını bu ünitede telefon bağlamında kullanacaksın:
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | He is calling about the invoice and he is waiting on the line. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | I am trying his number, but he isn't answering. |
| or | veya | Seçenek sunar | Is he available today or tomorrow? |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | You are in a meeting, so I am taking a message. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | It is urgent because the customer is waiting. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı yazı ✓ |
|---|---|
| Mr. Yılmaz is on the phone. He is calling about the invoice. It is urgent. You are in a meeting. I am taking a message. | Mr. Yılmaz is on the phone, and he is calling about the invoice. It is urgent, but you are in a meeting, so I am taking a message. |
İş e-postası üç bölümden oluşur. Bu iskelet her e-postada aynıdır — içini değiştirirsin, yapıyı değiştirmezsin. Çağrı özeti e-postasında içerik şöyle dağılır:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Açılış (Opening) | Selamlama + neden yazdığını söyleyen ilk cümle | Dear Mr. Demir, I am writing about a phone call for you. |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Asıl bilgiler: kim aradı, ne hakkında, şu an ne oluyor (Present Continuous!). Bağlaçlarla bağla. | Mr. Yılmaz is calling about the invoice. It is urgent because his team is checking the numbers today... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Ne yapılmalı + nazik bitiş + veda + isim | Can you call him back after your meeting? Best regards, Elif |
You answered a phone call for your manager. Write a short email to your manager about the call. (Yöneticin adına bir çağrı yanıtladın. Yöneticine çağrıyı özetleyen kısa bir e-posta yaz.)
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...