Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Bir işyerinde sadece görevleri konuşmayız — neyi sevdiğimizi, neyden hoşlandığımızı, neyi tercih ettiğimizi de paylaşırız. "Burada çalışmayı seviyorum", "Müşterilerle tanışmaya bayılırım", "Kahveyi çaya tercih ederim" gibi cümleler, hem kendini anlatmanın hem de small talk (kısa sohbet) yapmanın temelidir:
Bu ünitede tercih bildiren fiilleri (like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, don't mind) doğru kullanmayı, bunlardan sonra fiile neden -ing eklendiğini, olumsuz ve soru kurmayı ve iş yerinde small talk açıp sürdürmeyi öğreneceksin.
Bir eylemi sevdiğini söylerken (yürümek, çalışmak, okumak...), tercih fiilinden sonra gelen ikinci fiil -ing alır. Özneye göre değişen, ilk fiildir; ikinci fiil hep -ing kalır:
| Fiil | + -ing | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| like | like working | I like working in a team. | Takımda çalışmayı severim. |
| love | love meeting | She loves meeting new people. | Yeni insanlarla tanışmaya bayılır. |
| enjoy | enjoy reading | We enjoy reading in our free time. | Boş vaktimizde okumaktan keyif alırız. |
| hate | hate waiting | He hates waiting in traffic. | Trafikte beklemekten nefret eder. |
-ing yazımında iki küçük kural vardır:
| Kural | Örnekler |
|---|---|
| Fiil -e ile bitiyorsa e düşer, -ing | make → making · write → writing |
| Tek heceli, kısa ünlü + sessiz ile bitende son harf çift yazılır | chat → chatting · swim → swimming |
prefer = birini diğerine tercih etmek. İki şekilde kullanılır — eylemler için -ing, iki şeyi karşılaştırmak için to:
| Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| prefer + -ing (eylem) | I prefer working in the morning. | Sabahları çalışmayı tercih ederim. |
| prefer + isim | She prefers tea. | Çayı tercih eder. |
| prefer X to Y (karşılaştırma) | I prefer coffee to tea. | Kahveyi çaya tercih ederim. |
| prefer + -ing to -ing | He prefers walking to driving. | Araba sürmektense yürümeyi tercih eder. |
Bir şeyi sevmediğini söylemek için don't/doesn't like kullanılır; ikinci fiil yine -ing kalır. Ayrıca iki faydalı ifade daha vardır:
| İfade | Anlam | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| don't like + -ing | sevmemek | I don't like working late. |
| hate + -ing | nefret etmek (güçlü) | She hates sitting all day. |
| don't mind + -ing | sorun etmemek, aldırmamak | I don't mind working from home. |
Tercih sormak, small talk'un kalbidir. Sorular Do / Does ile açılır ve tercih fiili yalın kalır:
| Soru | Kısa cevap | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| Do you like working here? | Yes, I do. / No, I don't. | Burada çalışmayı sever misin? |
| Does she enjoy meetings? | Yes, she does. | Toplantılardan hoşlanır mı? |
| Do you prefer tea or coffee? | I prefer coffee. | Çay mı kahve mi tercih edersin? |
| What do you like doing at the weekend? | I like reading. | Hafta sonu ne yapmayı seversin? |
Small talk, iş yerinde ilişkileri sıcak tutan havadan sudan sohbettir: hava, hafta sonu, kahve, filmler... İşte en sık kullanılan açılış ve karşılık kalıpları:
| Açılış (soru) | Karşılık (cevap) |
|---|---|
| How are you today? | Fine, thanks. And you? |
| How was your weekend? | It was nice, thanks. I love cycling. |
| What do you like doing in your free time? | I enjoy reading and cooking. |
| Do you prefer tea or coffee? | I prefer tea, thanks. |
| Nice weather today, isn't it? | Yes, lovely! I don't like rainy days. |
Tercih ve small talk konusunda Türkçe konuşanların en sık yaptığı hatalar şunlardır. Kendi cümlelerini kontrol ederken bu listeyi kullan:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| I like to working here. | I like working here. | like'tan sonra tek biçim: -ing. |
| She like meeting clients. | She likes meeting clients. | she/he öznesinde fiile -s eklenir. |
| I prefer coffee than tea. | I prefer coffee to tea. | prefer'de karşılaştırma 'to' iledir. |
| He doesn't likes waiting. | He doesn't like waiting. | doesn't'tan sonra fiil yalın kalır. |
| Do you like work here? | Do you like working here? | like + -ing: working. |
| I enjoy to read. | I enjoy reading. | enjoy her zaman -ing alır, 'to' almaz. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Aşağıdaki small talk, tercih fiillerini, -ing yapısını, olumsuzu ve soruları birlikte kullanıyor — koyu yerlere dikkat ederek iki kez oku; ikinci okumada Türkçesini kapatmayı dene:
Bu ünitede tercih bildirmeyi ve iş yerinde kısa sohbet açmayı öğrendin: like/love/enjoy/prefer + -ing, prefer X to Y, don't like / don't mind / hate ve Do you like...? / Do you prefer...? soruları. Bu kalıplar, seni sadece görevleri konuşan biri olmaktan çıkarıp, ekibinle rahatça sohbet eden bir meslektaşa dönüştürür. Şimdi bu 14 alıştırmayı çözerek pekiştir.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the preference words, then use them in your own sentences. (Tercih kelimelerini öğren, sonra kendi cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences about your preferences. Use at least 8 of the words above. (Yukarıdaki kelimelerden en az 8'ini kullanarak tercihlerini anlatan 8 cümle yaz.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
Selin, Deniz ve Elif'i hatırlıyor musun? Bu kez onları bir kahve molasında görüyoruz. İş dışında da sohbet ediyorlar — tercihlerini, hafta sonlarını, hobilerini paylaşıyorlar. Okumaya başlamadan önce şu üç soruyu düşün (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Verbs to spot (Metinde geçen, bu ünitede öğrendiğin tercih yapıları — gözün bunları arasın): enjoy talking · love cycling · prefer staying · enjoy reading · prefer tea to coffee · loves working · prefers working · like working · hates · don't mind
Baytek is a small office in the city. Nine people work here. They are a friendly team. Every day starts at nine o'clock. Everybody says 'Good morning!' Selin turns on her computer. Deniz checks his emails. Elif opens the window for fresh air. They work hard for two hours. Then it is time for a break. 'Break time!' Deniz says. He is always happy at eleven o'clock. The three friends walk to the kitchen together. They talk and they laugh on the way.
It is eleven o'clock, and it is coffee break time at Baytek. Selin, Deniz, and Elif are in the kitchen. They enjoy talking together every morning.
The kitchen is small, but it is nice. There is a big table in the middle. There are four chairs and a coffee machine. There is a small window too. Selin likes the window, because she can see the trees. The break is only fifteen minutes, but it is a happy time. People make coffee or tea. They stand near the table, and they talk. 'I love coffee breaks,' Selin says. 'I can relax and talk to my friends.'
'How was your weekend, Deniz?' Selin asks. 'It was great, thanks. I love cycling, so I usually go to the park on Saturdays. What about you?' 'I prefer staying at home at the weekend,' Selin says. 'I really enjoy reading and cooking.'
Deniz likes sport very much. He rides his bike every Saturday. 'Cycling is my favourite hobby,' he says. 'I ride in the park, and I feel free.' On Sundays, he watches football with his brother. Selin is different. She does not like sport. She prefers quiet days at home. 'On Saturday morning, I read a good book,' she says. 'In the afternoon, I cook. I love making soup and cakes.' Elif smiles. 'I like your cakes, Selin! You are a good cook.'
Elif makes some tea. 'Do you like coffee, Elif?' Deniz asks. 'Not really. I prefer tea to coffee,' she says. 'And I don't like drinking coffee in the afternoon. It's too strong for me.'
Elif drinks tea all day. She has a small cup on her desk. 'Tea is warm and light,' she says. 'I like it in the morning and in the afternoon.' Deniz loves coffee. He drinks two cups every day. 'Coffee gives me energy,' he says. 'I need it for my work.' Selin likes both drinks. 'I drink coffee in the morning,' she says, 'but I prefer tea after lunch.' They all like biscuits with their drinks. Elif brings biscuits from home, and everybody says thank you.
At Baytek, people have different preferences. Deniz loves working with the design team, because he enjoys meeting new clients. Selin prefers working in a quiet room. 'I like working from home on Fridays,' she says. 'I can focus better there.'
People work in different ways at Baytek. Deniz likes people. He enjoys meetings, and he loves new projects. 'I feel happy with the team,' he says. Selin is quiet. She likes calm places. 'Too much noise is hard for me,' she says. 'I work better alone.' Elif is friendly and calm. She helps everybody. 'I don't mind hard work,' she says, 'but I need my tea!' They are a good team, because they are all different. Different people bring different ideas.
Elif has many plants on her desk. She loves green plants. 'Plants make me calm,' she says. 'I water them every morning.' Elif can speak three languages, so she often talks to clients from other countries. 'I enjoy meeting new people,' she says. 'It is fun to learn about them.' Deniz has photos of his bike on his desk. Selin has a small clock and a cup for her pens. Their desks are different, like their preferences.
They also talk about small things — the weather, films, and food. Elif hates rainy days, but she loves watching films at home. Deniz prefers action films, and Selin likes comedies.
Today it is sunny and warm. Elif is happy. 'I love sunny days,' she says. 'I don't like rain. On rainy days, I stay at home and watch films.' Deniz likes action films with fast cars and heroes. 'They are exciting!' he says. Selin prefers funny films. 'I like comedies,' she says. 'I laugh, and I feel good.' They also talk about food. Deniz loves pizza. Selin prefers pasta. Elif likes fish and rice. Everybody is hungry now, and they laugh about lunch.
At one o'clock, the team has lunch together. They go to a small cafe near the office. Deniz orders pizza. Selin orders pasta. Elif orders fish. They talk about many things at lunch. They talk about music, holidays, and their families. Selin loves the summer. 'I want to go to the sea,' she says. 'I love swimming.' Deniz prefers the mountains. 'I like walking and fresh air,' he says. Elif enjoys the city. 'I love cafes and shops,' she says. Everybody is different, and that is good.
'What are your plans for next weekend?' Elif asks. Deniz smiles. 'I want to go cycling with my friends,' he says. 'We ride for two hours, and then we have a big breakfast.' Selin has a different plan. 'I want to stay at home,' she says. 'I have a new book, and I want to read it.' Elif laughs. 'I want to see my family,' she says. 'My mother makes wonderful food. I love her cooking.'
Small talk is easy and kind. You ask a question, and then you listen. 'How are you?' 'How was your day?' 'Do you like this weather?' These questions are short, but they are important. They make people feel welcome. At Baytek, the team is like a small family. They help each other, and they smile a lot. Good talk makes good work. When people feel happy, they work well together.
Their manager is Mr Kaya. He is a kind man. He often joins the coffee break. 'Good morning, team!' he says. 'How are you today?' He likes small talk too. He asks about the weekend, and he listens well. A good manager cares about people, not only about work. The team feels lucky. They like their office, and they like each other very much.
The coffee break is almost over now. Selin finishes her tea. Deniz eats the last biscuit. Elif washes the cups. 'This is a nice break,' Selin says. 'I feel ready for work again.' 'Me too,' says Deniz. The break is short, but it is good for everybody.
Small talk is important at work. It helps colleagues relax and feel comfortable. 'I don't mind talking about work,' Deniz says with a smile, 'but I prefer talking about football!' Everybody laughs, and then they go back to their desks.
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Complete the sentences with a word from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki bir kelimeyle tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. What does Selin prefer doing at the weekend?
2. Why does Deniz enjoy working with the design team?
3. What do the colleagues talk about during small talk?
Metinde and, but, so ve because bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları kendi tercih anlatında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
Mixed questions from Preferences and earlier A1 units. (Preferences + önceki A1 ünitelerinden karışık sorular.)
Bu bölüm karışık bir pekiştirmedir: 20 sorunun ağırlığı bu ünitenin konusu Preferences'ta (like/love/enjoy/prefer + -ing), ama aralara önceki ünitelerden de sorular serpiştirildi — geniş zaman, şimdiki zaman, zamirler, can, there is/are, some/any ve bağlaçlar. (20 questions: Preferences + a mix from earlier A1 units.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir; yanlış cevapta kısa Türkçe açıklama görürsün.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 20 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Write and submit your email; your teacher will review it. (E-postanı yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Tercihlerini anlatmak, cümleleri bağlaçlarla bağlayarak akıcı hale getirmektir. A1'de öğrendiğin bağlaçlar burada da aynen çalışır — bu kez tercih cümlelerini bağlıyorlar:
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek (tercih) |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | I like reading and I love cooking. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | I like coffee, but I prefer tea. |
| or | veya | Seçenek sunar | Do you prefer tea or coffee? |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | I love cycling, so I go to the park. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | I enjoy this job because the team is friendly. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı anlatı ✓ |
|---|---|
| I like my job. I like working here. I don't like meetings. I prefer coffee. I am happy. | I like working here because the team is friendly. I don't like long meetings, but I don't mind them. I prefer coffee to tea, so I love the coffee break! |
Bir arkadaşına yazıyorsun — yapı aynıdır ama ton samimidir:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Açılış (Opening) | Samimi selamlama + hal hatır + konuyu açan ilk cümle | Hi Ali, How are you? I love my new job, so I want to tell you about it! |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Tercihlerin: işte neyi seversin (like/love + -ing), neyi tercih edersin (prefer), neyi sevmezsin (don't like). Bağlaçlarla bağla. | I like working with the team, and I enjoy meeting clients. I prefer coffee to tea, but I don't like working late... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Samimi bitiş cümlesi + veda + isim | What about you? Write soon! Best wishes, Selin |
Write an email to a friend about your preferences at work and in your free time. (Bir arkadaşına işteki ve boş zamandaki tercihlerini anlatan bir e-posta yaz.)
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Tebrikler! Artık iş yerinde sadece görevleri değil, tercihlerini de konuşabiliyorsun: neyi sevdiğini, neyi tercih ettiğini, neyi sevmediğini anlatıyor ve meslektaşlarınla rahatça small talk açıyorsun. Bu sosyal İngilizce, seni ekibin doğal bir parçası yapar.
Bir sonraki üniteye geçmeden önce bu ünitedeki tercih fiillerini (like/love/enjoy/prefer + -ing) ve small talk kalıplarını sağlamlaştır.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...