Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Bir önceki ünitede geleceği be going to ile anlattın — planlar ve kanıtlı tahminler. Now we add the other big future word: will. When you guess about the future, promise something, or decide to do something at the moment of speaking, you need will. will, gelecekle ilgili tahminlerimizi, o an verdiğimiz ani kararları ve söz verirken kullandığımız kalıbı taşır.
Bu bölümde önce will / won't yapısını kuracağız. Then we will study its two main uses (predictions and spontaneous decisions), compare will with be going to, and add useful words like I think and maybe. Adım adım gidelim.
İyi haber: will bütün öznelerde aynıdır. There is no "he wills" or "she willes" — özne ne olursa olsun will değişmez ve arkasından her zaman yalın fiil (base form) gelir.
| Tür | Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Olumlu | özne + will + yalın fiil | She will call you. | Seni arayacak. |
| Kısa hâli | özne + 'll + yalın fiil | She'll call you. | Seni arayacak. |
| Olumsuz | özne + won't + yalın fiil | She won't call you. | Seni aramayacak. |
| Soru | Will + özne + yalın fiil | Will she call you? | Seni arayacak mı? |
Bir will sorusuna kısa cevap vermek çok kolaydır, because you only need will or won't — fiili tekrar etmezsin. Özne ne olursa olsun kalıp aynıdır.
| Soru | Olumlu | Olumsuz |
|---|---|---|
| Will it rain tomorrow? | Yes, it will. | No, it won't. |
| Will you help me? | Yes, I will. | No, I won't. |
| Will they win the match? | Yes, they will. | No, they won't. |
will'in en yaygın işi gelecekle ilgili tahmin yapmaktır. A prediction is a guess about the future — bir düşünce, bir his, bir beklenti. Elimizde kesin bir kanıt olmasa da, "bence böyle olacak" deriz. Bu yüzden will çoğu zaman I think, I believe, I'm sure, maybe, probably gibi kelimelerle birlikte gelir.
will'in ikinci işi, tam o anda verdiğin kararları anlatmaktır. You did not plan it before; you decide now, while you are speaking. İşte tam bu an için will (genellikle 'll) kullanırız.
| Durum | Anlık karar (will) | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| Telefon çalıyor | I'll answer it. | Ben bakarım. |
| Susadın | I'll have a glass of water. | Bir bardak su alayım. |
| Arkadaşın yorgun | Don't worry, I'll help you. | Merak etme, sana yardım ederim. |
| Kapı çalındı | That's the door — I'll get it. | Kapı çaldı — ben açarım. |
Bu, A2'nin en önemli farklarından biridir. Both talk about the future, but the speaker's mind is different. Kısaca: plan ve kanıt varsa be going to; tahmin ve anlık karar varsa will.
| Anlam | be going to | will |
|---|---|---|
| Önceden yapılmış plan | I'm going to visit Rome next month. | — |
| Anlık karar | — | It's cold. I'll close the window. |
| Kanıtlı tahmin (görüyorum) | Look at those clouds! It's going to rain. | — |
| Genel tahmin / fikir | — | I think it will rain tomorrow. |
will genellikle bir gelecek zaman ifadesiyle birlikte gelir. These words point to the future. En sık kullanılanlar şunlardır:
| İfade | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| tomorrow | yarın | I will call you tomorrow. |
| next week / month / year | gelecek hafta / ay / yıl | She will start next week. |
| tonight | bu gece | We will finish it tonight. |
| in the future | gelecekte | Robots will help us in the future. |
| in 2050 / in ten years | 2050'de / on yıl içinde | Cities will change in 2050. |
Türkçe konuşanların will'de en sık yaptığı hatalar aşağıda. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu listeyle kontrol et:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| She will comes tomorrow. | She will come tomorrow. | will'den sonra yalın fiil (-s yok). |
| He wills help you. | He will help you. | will özneye göre değişmez. |
| I will to call you. | I will call you. | will'den sonra "to" gelmez. |
| Will you to come? | Will you come? | Soruda da "to" yok. |
| I not will go. | I will not (won't) go. | Olumsuz: will + not = won't. |
| The phone is ringing. I'm going to answer it. | The phone is ringing. I'll answer it. | Anlık karar → will, going to değil. |
| I think it won't to rain. | I don't think it will rain. | Olumsuzluk think'e geçer; "to" yok. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Two friends talk about the weather and their plans after school. Koyu yazılan will / won't yapılarına dikkat ederek iki kez oku:
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the words, then use them in your own predictions with will. (Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi will'li tahmin cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences about the future. Use at least 8 of the words above. (Gelecek hakkında 8 cümle yaz. Yukarıdaki kelimelerden en az 8'ini kullan.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
İyi okuyucular metne hazırlıklı girer. Before you read, think about these three questions (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Words to spot (Metinde geçen, Speaking bölümünden tanıdığın kelimeler): future · maybe · change · promise · sure · soon · plan
Next month, Deniz and his friends will post their first video on their new channel, and everyone in the group is excited. Last week, Deniz called a meeting after school. 'This channel will change our weekends,' he said. 'I'm sure it will be a success.'
The four friends are in the same class at school, and they have known each other since primary school. They are fifteen years old, and they love video games, music, and football. Every day after lessons, they meet in the library or in the park near their homes. Sometimes they play games on their phones, and sometimes they just talk about new films and songs. Last month, they had a new idea. 'Why don't we make our own channel?' Elif asked. 'We can film our games and show them to other students.' Everyone liked the plan, so they started to work on it that same week.
Elif is the project leader. She thinks the launch will go well, but she is also a little nervous. 'The first video is ready,' she said, 'so we will post it soon. I think many young people will like it, because it is simple and free.'
The team works hard, but the work is also fun for them. On Monday and Wednesday, they film short clips in Kaan's room, because he has the fastest computer in the group. On Friday afternoon, they sit together and edit the videos. Deniz writes simple notes for every clip, and Elif adds music and bright colours. 'We are only students,' she said, 'so we don't have an expensive camera. But we have good ideas, and ideas are more important than money.' When a video is ready, they watch it three or four times before they post it, because they want it to be clear.
A normal weekend is very busy for the group. On Saturday morning, they wake up early and meet at nine o'clock. First, they plan the new video and choose a game. Then they film for two or three hours, and they laugh a lot when someone makes a funny mistake. After lunch, they take a short break and eat sandwiches in the garden. In the afternoon, they edit the video and check the sound. 'When we finish, we feel tired but happy,' Deniz said. 'A good weekend is a weekend with friends and a new video.'
Kaan, the group's best gamer, is more careful. 'Maybe some viewers won't understand the game at first,' he said. 'So we will make a short video. When people watch it, they will learn how to play in five minutes.'
Kaan loves football almost as much as he loves games. After school, he often plays on the school team, and then he comes home late and tired. 'When I feel tired, games help me relax,' he said. 'And when I play online with my friends, the evening feels shorter and better.' He wants the channel to help other tired students too. 'If a boy or a girl has a hard day at school,' he said, 'they can watch our funny videos and smile a little. For me, that is a very good feeling, and it is the real reason for our channel.'
The team has big plans. Next year, they will open a gaming club at school, and they will invite ten more friends. 'If the first video gets many likes, we will make a bigger one,' Deniz promised. 'We won't stop here.'
Their families like the project too, and they help in small ways. Deniz's mother makes tea and snacks when the team works at his house, and Elif's father helps them when there is a problem with the computer. 'Homework comes first,' Deniz's mother always says, 'but a good hobby is important for young people.' The friends agree with her. They finish their homework before they film, so their teachers stay happy, and their parents stay happy too. School and the channel can live together, they think, if they plan their time well and don't forget their books.
The team also dreams about the future. Deniz wants a thousand people to follow the channel by next summer. Elif wants to make videos about music and school life, not only about games. Kaan wants to film the school football matches and show the best goals of the season. 'We are all different,' Deniz said, 'but our channel can have space for all of us. When we work together, we are much stronger.' They know the first steps will be slow, but they are ready to try, because every big channel was small at the start.
Of course, the plan is not always easy. Sometimes a video is too long, and sometimes the sound is bad, so they must record it again. One time, they lost a whole file, and everyone was sad for a day. But the friends never stop for long. 'If we make a mistake, we will learn from it,' Elif said, 'and next time the video will be better.' They believe that patience is the key. When people see their new videos, the team hopes, they will understand that four young students can build something good together.
Elif smiled. 'The future will be busy,' she said, 'but I think it will be exciting too. Before the launch we will practise hard, and after it we will celebrate together.' Nobody knows exactly what will happen, but one thing is sure: the channel will not stay small for long.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki doğru fiille tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. Why does Kaan want to make a short video?
2. What will the team do next year?
3. How does Elif feel about the future? Why?
Metinde and, but, so, because, when, if, before ve after bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları kendi yazında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
Listen to a talk about the seasons, then answer in two rounds. (Mevsimlerle ilgili bir konuşmayı dinle, sonra iki turda cevapla.)
Konuşmacı dört mevsimi anlatıyor: kişisel deneyimlerini ve nerede yaşadığını paylaşıyor. Before you listen, learn these words — they will help you understand the recording. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri önce oku:
| Word | Anlamı |
|---|---|
| spring / summer / fall / winter | ilkbahar / yaz / sonbahar / kış |
| autumn | sonbahar (fall ile aynı) |
| daylight (saving) | gün ışığı; yaz saati uygulaması |
| summer break | yaz tatili |
| to skiing / snowboarding | kayak / snowboard yapmak |
İstediğin kadar dinleyebilirsin. Duraklat, geri sar, tekrar dinle. (Listen as many times as you need.)
Listen once, then choose the correct answer. (Bir kez dinle, sonra doğru cevabı seç.) — 5 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Listen again, then complete the sentences with one word. (Tekrar dinle, sonra cümleleri birer kelimeyle tamamla.)
Write and submit your paragraph; your teacher will review it. (Paragrafını yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Cümleleri alt alta dizmek bir yazı oluşturmaz. What turns a list of sentences into a real text is connectors (bağlaçlar): cümleleri birbirine bağlar, fikirler arasındaki ilişkiyi gösterirler. Geleceği anlatırken özellikle if (koşul) ve when (zaman) çok işine yarar. These are perfect for making predictions.
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | Robots will help us and save our time. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | Life will be easier but busier. |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | Cities will grow, so we will need more parks. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | I will study hard because I want a good job. |
| if | eğer | Koşul bildirir | If we work together, we will succeed. |
| when | -diğinde | Zaman bildirir | When I finish school, I will travel. |
| before / after | -den önce / sonra | Sıra bildirir | After I graduate, I will find a job. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı yazı ✓ |
|---|---|
| I will finish school. I will study medicine. It will be hard. I will not give up. I will become a doctor. | When I finish school, I will study medicine. It will be hard, but I won't give up, because I really want to become a doctor. |
Bir tahmin paragrafı üç bölümden oluşur. This skeleton is the same every time — içini değiştirirsin, yapıyı değiştirmezsin:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Giriş (Opening) | Konu cümlesi: neyin geleceğinden bahsedeceksin | I think life will change a lot in the future. |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Tahminlerin, sırayla. Bağlaçlarla ve I think / maybe ile bağla. | Maybe cars will fly, and robots will do our jobs... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Son bir tahmin / genel his | I'm not sure, but I hope the future will be good. |
Write your predictions about the future. (Gelecek hakkındaki tahminlerini yaz.) Use will and won't. Konu senin seçimin: yaşamın on yıl sonra, teknoloji, şehrin, ya da kendi geleceğin.
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...