Read the rules, study the examples, then do the exercises. (Kuralları oku, örnekleri incele, sonra alıştırmaları yap.)
Şimdiye kadar geçmişten ve bugünden konuştun. Now it is time to talk about the future — your plans and intentions. Bir arkadaşına hafta sonu ne yapacağını, tatilde nereye gideceğini ya da bu akşam hangi filmi izleyeceğini anlatmak istediğinde yeni bir yapıya ihtiyacın var: be going to. Bu yapı, önceden karar verdiğin planları ve niyetleri anlatır — henüz olmadı, ama yapmaya karar verdin.
Bu bölümde önce be going to yapısını, sonra olumsuz ve soru hâllerini öğreneceğiz. Then we will look at future time expressions (tomorrow, next week, tonight), the difference between be going to and the Present Continuous for plans, and common mistakes. Adım adım gidelim.
Yapı üç parçadan oluşur: doğru be fiili (am/is/are) + going to + fiilin yalın hâli. The verb never changes — you only change am / is / are to match the subject. Fiil her zaman yalın kalır (go, eat, work...).
| Özne | be | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am ('m) | I am going to travel. | Seyahat edeceğim. |
| he / she / it | is ('s) | He is going to travel. | Seyahat edecek. |
| you / we / they | are ('re) | They are going to travel. | Seyahat edecekler. |
Olumsuz yapmak çok kolay: be fiilinden sonra not eklersin. You do not need any helper like "don't" — the negative is inside am / is / are. Fiil yine yalın kalır.
| Yapı | Örnek | Türkçesi |
|---|---|---|
| I'm not going to + fiil | I'm not going to study tomorrow. | Yarın ders çalışmayacağım. |
| isn't / 's not going to | She isn't going to come tonight. | Bu akşam gelmeyecek. |
| aren't / 're not going to | We aren't going to stay long. | Uzun kalmayacağız. |
Soru sormak için be fiilini öznenin önüne alırsın. To make a question, put am / is / are before the subject. Kısa cevapta ana fiili tekrar etmezsin — sadece be fiilini kullanırsın.
| Soru | Olumlu cevap | Olumsuz cevap |
|---|---|---|
| Are you going to travel? | Yes, I am. | No, I'm not. |
| Is she going to come? | Yes, she is. | No, she isn't. |
| Are they going to help? | Yes, they are. | No, they aren't. |
Two main uses. be going to'nun iki temel kullanımı vardır ve ikisi de bu ünitenin kalbidir:
| Kullanım | Ne demek? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Plan (önceden karar verilmiş) | Zaten karar verdin, planladın | We are going to start a new school in September. |
| Niyet (intention) | Yapmayı düşündüğün, istediğin şey | I am going to learn to play the guitar this year. |
be going to genellikle bir gelecek zaman ifadesiyle birlikte gelir. These words tell the listener when the plan is. En sık kullanılanlar şunlardır:
| İfade | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| tomorrow | yarın | I'm going to call you tomorrow. |
| tonight | bu akşam / bu gece | We're going to watch a film tonight. |
| next week / month / year | gelecek hafta / ay / yıl | She's going to start next month. |
| this weekend / summer | bu hafta sonu / bu yaz | They're going to travel this summer. |
| in + zaman | ... sonra | The train is going to leave in ten minutes. |
A2'de kafa karıştıran bir nokta: gelecekteki planlar için hem be going to hem de Present Continuous (am/is/are + -ing) kullanılabilir. The good news: with plans, they are often very close in meaning. Küçük farkı gör:
| Yapı | Vurgu | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| be going to | Niyet / karar (kesin zaman şart değil) | I'm going to see the dentist soon. |
| Present Continuous | Ayarlanmış plan (zaman/yer belli, randevu gibi) | I'm seeing the dentist at 3 o'clock. |
Türkçe konuşanların be going to'da en sık yaptığı hatalar aşağıda. Kendi cümlelerini yazarken bu listeyle kontrol et:
| Yanlış ✗ | Doğru ✓ | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| I going to travel. | I am going to travel. | be fiili (am) unutulmaz. |
| She is going to travels. | She is going to travel. | going to'dan sonra yalın fiil. |
| He is going to studying. | He is going to study. | yalın fiil, -ing değil. |
| We don't going to come. | We aren't going to come. | olumsuz: be + not (don't değil). |
| Do you going to help? | Are you going to help? | soru: be özneden önce (Do değil). |
| They are going to buys a car. | They are going to buy a car. | özne çoğul da olsa fiil yalın. |
| I am going to home tonight. | I am going to go home tonight. | "go" fiili gerekir; "going to" tek başına yeterli değil. |
Şimdi her şeyi bir arada görelim. Two friends talk about their summer plans. Koyu yazılan be going to yapılarına dikkat ederek iki kez oku:
Bu üniteden ayrılmadan önce şu dört kuralı ölçebilmelisin — kendini her birinde test et:
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.) — 10 soru, her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Learn the words, then use them in your own future-plan sentences. (Kelimeleri öğren, sonra kendi gelecek-plan cümlelerinde kullan.)
Write 8 sentences about your future plans. Use at least 8 of the words above. (Gelecek planların hakkında 8 cümle yaz. Yukarıdaki kelimelerden en az 8'ini kullan.)
Sentence starters (Cümle başlatıcıları — istersen bunlarla başla):
Read the text, then answer the questions. (Metni oku, sonra soruları cevapla.)
İyi okuyucular metne hazırlıklı girer. Before you read, think about these three questions (cevapları yazmana gerek yok):
Words to spot (Metinde geçen, Speaking bölümünden tanıdığın kelimeler): plan · move · visit · start · save · book · travel · learn · next · tonight
Next month is going to be very exciting at Greenhill School. The school is going to open a new art and music centre, so the whole class is very busy with plans. Selin is going to move to a school in Izmir because she is from Izmir and she wants to be near her family.
Greenhill School is not very big, but everyone loves it very much. There are about two hundred students, and most of them are teenagers between twelve and sixteen years old. The new art and music centre is going to have a big bright room for painting and a small quiet room for music. Students are going to play the guitar, the piano and the drums there after class. The art teacher, Miss Kaya, is very happy about the centre. "This new place is going to help all our students," she said. "We are going to have art shows and small concerts every month, and parents are going to come and watch us."
Every student is going to bring something for the opening day. Some students are going to bring their own paintings, and other students are going to bring musical instruments from home. Selin's mother is going to make a big chocolate cake for the party, and Ali's father is going to help with the tables and the chairs. The families are going to come together on a Saturday morning and decorate the whole centre with balloons and flowers. "When we work together, everything is going to be easy and fun," the head teacher said to the happy students and their parents.
On Monday, the teachers are going to meet the students and explain everything. After the meeting, Selin is going to pack her books and look for a new club in Izmir. She isn't going to sell her bike, so she is going to take it to Izmir next week.
Selin is a little sad, but she is also very excited about her new life. She is good at drawing, and she loves music too. In Izmir, she is going to join an art club after school on Wednesdays. She is going to make new friends there, and she is going to send photos to Ali and Merve every week. "I am going to miss my old class a lot," she said, "but I am not going to forget you. We are going to talk online every evening, and I am going to write long messages about my new school and my new teachers."
Ali and Merve are not going to move, but they are going to visit Selin in the summer. "We are going to help her settle in," Ali said. "When the holidays start, we are going to travel to Izmir for two weeks."
In the summer, Ali, Merve and Selin are going to do many fun things together in Izmir. They are going to swim in the warm sea and play volleyball on the beach every day. Ali loves football very much, so he is going to bring his ball and find a small team in the park. Merve is going to take a lot of photos with her old phone, because she isn't going to buy a new one this year. In the evenings, they are going to eat ice cream and walk near the water. "It is going to be the best summer of our lives," Merve said with a big smile.
The class also has personal plans. Mark is going to learn Spanish because he is going to travel to Spain in September. Merve is going to save money this year, so she isn't going to buy a new phone. Before the summer, the whole class is going to have a big party together.
The other students in the class have big plans too. Deniz is going to start a new sport this year. He is going to play basketball with the school team every Saturday morning, and he is going to practise very hard. Elif loves books, so she is going to read one new book every week. She is also going to write a short story for the school magazine. Can and Zeynep are good with computers, so they are going to make a short video about the new art and music centre. They are going to show the video to all the parents at the party before the summer. Everybody is going to help with something, and everybody is going to have fun together.
The teachers are very busy too. Mr. Demir is going to paint the walls of the music room with the older students after class. The class is going to bring old chairs from home and clean them for the new centre. On Friday, they are going to put colourful pictures on the walls and green plants near the windows. Selin is going to help with the work before she moves, because she wants to leave a nice gift for her school. "Greenhill is my home," she said quietly. "I am always going to remember this place and all my kind friends here."
Everybody is a little nervous, but they are also happy. Greenhill School is going to grow, and next year is going to be even better for everyone.
Choose the correct answer. (Doğru cevabı seç.)
Are these sentences true or false? (Bu cümleler doğru mu yanlış mı?)
Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the text. (Cümleleri metindeki doğru fiille tamamla.)
Write your answer in your own words. (Cevabını kendi cümlelerinle yaz.) Bu sorular otomatik puanlanmaz.
1. Why is Selin going to move to Izmir?
2. What are Ali and Merve going to do in the summer?
3. What are two of your own plans for next month? Use "be going to".
Metinde and, but, so, because, when, before ve after bağlaçlarını bul — her biri en az bir kez geçiyor. (Writing bölümünde bu bağlaçları kendi yazında kullanacaksın.) Bulduklarını not et, sonra kontrol et.
A traveller talks about trips and travel. (Bir gezgin seyahatlerini anlatıyor.)
You will hear a short talk about travel. You will listen TWICE. First listen: answer questions 1-5. Second listen: answer questions 6-10. (Seyahatle ilgili kısa bir konuşma dinleyeceksin. Kaydı İKİ kez dinleyeceksin: ilk dinlemede 1-5, ikinci dinlemede 6-10.)
Write and submit your paragraph; your teacher will review it. (Paragrafını yaz ve gönder; öğretmenin değerlendirecek.)
Cümleleri alt alta dizmek bir yazı oluşturmaz. What turns a list of sentences into a real text is connectors (bağlaçlar): cümleleri birbirine bağlar, fikirler arasındaki ilişkiyi gösterirler. A2 seviyesinde when, after, before zaman bağlaçları da elimizde. These are perfect for organising your plans in order — hangi olay önce, hangisi sonra.
| Bağlaç | Anlamı | Ne işe yarar? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | ve | Ekleme yapar | I'm going to rest and read a book. |
| but | ama | Zıtlık gösterir | I'm going to travel, but not by plane. |
| so | bu yüzden | Sonuç bildirir | I want to save money, so I'm going to stay home. |
| because | çünkü | Sebep bildirir | I'm going to study English because I have an exam. |
| when | -diğinde | Zaman bağlar | When the holiday starts, we're going to travel. |
| after | -den sonra | Sonraki olay | After the exam, I'm going to relax. |
| before | -den önce | Önceki olay | I'm going to book a hotel before we leave. |
Farkı gör — aynı bilgiler, iki farklı yazım:
| Kopuk cümleler ✗ | Bağlaçlı akıcı yazı ✓ |
|---|---|
| Next month I'm going to travel. I'm going to visit Izmir. I'm going to save money. I'm not going to fly. I'm going to take the bus. | Next month I'm going to travel to Izmir because my family lives there. I'm going to save money, so I'm not going to fly. Before I leave, I'm going to book a bus ticket. |
Bir plan paragrafı üç bölümden oluşur. This skeleton is the same every time — içini değiştirirsin, yapıyı değiştirmezsin:
| Bölüm | Ne yazılır? | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Giriş (Opening) | Konu cümlesi: ne zaman, genel his | Next month is going to be very busy for me. |
| 2. Gövde (Body) | Planların, sırayla. Bağlaçlar ve gelecek zaman ifadeleriyle bağla. | First, I'm going to start a course, and after that we're going to... |
| 3. Kapanış (Closing) | Son bir yorum / genel değerlendirme | I'm not going to travel far, but I'm going to enjoy my month a lot. |
Write about your plans for next month or your next holiday. (Gelecek ay ya da bir sonraki tatilin için planlarını anlat.) Use be going to.
Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)
Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do. (Ünitenin tamamından karışık sorular; sonra neler yapabildiğini işaretle.)
14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading. (14 soru: gramer + kelime + okuma.) Her soru anında değerlendirilir.
Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher. (Şu an yapabildiklerini işaretle. Dürüst cevaplar öğretmenine yol gösterir.)
İşaretlemediğin madde varsa ilgili bölüme dönüp tekrar çalış — soldaki menüden her bölüme geri dönebilirsin.
Oturum kontrol ediliyor...