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Ünite 14 · Advanced Gerunds & Infinitives · Bölüm 1/6

Grammar: Verbs That Change Meaning

One verb, two grammars, two completely different meanings — learn to choose the right one.

The same verb can mean two different things

You already know that some verbs take the -ing form (a gerund) and others take to + verb (an infinitive). At B2 the real challenge is a small group of verbs that accept both forms — but with a different meaning for each one. Choosing the wrong pattern does not just sound odd; it changes what you are actually saying.

These are the seven verbs this unit will make automatic: remember, forget, stop, try, regret, go on and mean. Look at how much the meaning moves when only the form changes:

  • I stopped smoking two years ago.I quit the habit → stop + -ing.
  • On the walk, I stopped to smoke a cigarette.I paused in order to smoke → stop + to-infinitive.
  • Please remember to lock the door.A duty for the future → remember + to-infinitive.
  • I remember locking the door last night.A memory of the past → remember + -ing.

1. The two patterns at a glance (quick map)

Keep this table in your head. The -ing form usually looks backwards (to something real that happened or an activity in progress), while the to-infinitive looks forwards (to a purpose, a duty or an intention).

Verb+ -ing (gerund)+ to-infinitive
rememberrecall a past actionnot forget a future duty
forgetfail to recall the pastfail to do a duty
stopquit / end an activitypause in order to do something
tryexperiment; test an ideamake an effort; attempt
regretbe sorry about the pastbe sorry to announce bad news
go oncontinue the same actionmove on to a new action
meaninvolve / result inintend to
Key idea
  • -ing = already real: a past memory or an ongoing activity.
  • to-infinitive = still ahead: a purpose, a duty or an intention.

2. remember & forget (memory vs duty)

With remember and forget, the -ing form points back to something you did (or failed to recall). The to-infinitive points forward to a job you must (or must not) do.

MeaningFormExample
a memory of the pastremember + -ingI remember meeting her at a wedding.
a duty not to forgetremember + to-infPlease remember to send the invoice.
no memory of the pastforget + -ingI'll never forget seeing the ocean for the first time.
failing to do a dutyforget + to-infHe forgot to call, so we waited for nothing.
Golden rule
  • Ask yourself: is the action already done (memory) or still to do (duty)? Done → -ing. To do → to-infinitive.
  • "I'll never forget visiting Rome" (a treasured memory) is completely different from "Don't forget to visit Rome" (advice for a future trip).

3. stop & try (the two trickiest)

These two cause the most mistakes. With stop, the -ing is the thing you end; the to-infinitive is your reason for pausing. With try, the -ing is a small experiment; the to-infinitive is a real effort at something difficult.

VerbForm & meaningExample
stop+ -ing = quit the activityThe baby finally stopped crying.
stop+ to-inf = pause for a purposeWe stopped to take photos of the view.
try+ -ing = experiment (does it work?)Try turning it off and on again.
try+ to-inf = make a hard effortI tried to lift the box, but it was too heavy.
B2 subtlety
  • "I stopped to eat" = I paused so that I could eat. "I stopped eating" = I no longer eat. Opposite ideas!
  • "Try adding salt" = a simple experiment that is easy to do. "Try to add more detail" = attempt something that takes effort.

4. regret, go on & mean (three more pairs)

The same logic runs through the last three verbs. -ing stays anchored to the real past or a continuing action; to-infinitive looks ahead to news, a next step or an intention.

VerbForm & meaningExample
regret+ -ing = be sorry about the pastI regret leaving university so early.
regret+ to-inf = be sorry to say newsWe regret to inform you that the trip is cancelled.
go on+ -ing = continue the same thingShe went on talking for another hour.
go on+ to-inf = move to the next thingAfter the intro, he went on to explain the plan.
mean+ -ing = involve / result inA new job means moving to another city.
mean+ to-inf = intend toI meant to call you, but I ran out of time.
Watch the "announcement" use
  • regret / be sorry / be pleased + to-infinitive is the polite, formal way to deliver news: "We regret to announce...", "I'm pleased to say..."
  • mean + -ing often explains a consequence: "Missing the train meant waiting two more hours."

5. Common mistakes (✗ / ✓)

Every error below comes from choosing the wrong form — and so saying the wrong thing. Check your own sentences against each row.

Wrong ✗Right ✓Why?
Remember calling the dentist tomorrow.Remember to call the dentist tomorrow.a future duty → to-infinitive.
I stopped to smoke, so I'm healthier now.I stopped smoking, so I'm healthier now.quitting a habit → -ing.
Have you tried to restart the router? (as a quick test)Have you tried restarting the router?a simple experiment → -ing.
She regrets to leave school so young.She regrets leaving school so young.sorry about the past → -ing.
This job means to travel every week.This job means travelling every week.a consequence it involves → -ing.

6. Putting it together (Model Dialogue)

Two friends talk about a big life change. Read it twice and watch how each verb switches meaning with its form.

A:I heard you took the job up north. Doesn't that mean moving away from everyone?mean + -ing = it involves / results in.
B:It does. I meant to tell you sooner, but everything happened so fast.mean + to-inf = intend to.
A:Will you regret leaving the city, do you think?regret + -ing = sorry about a past choice.
B:No. I'll always remember growing up here, but I stopped feeling at home years ago.remember/stop + -ing = memory / quit the feeling.
A:Fair enough. Just remember to write — and try calling when the internet works!remember + to-inf (duty); try + -ing (experiment).
B:I will. And once I settle in, I'll go on to build a whole new life there.go on + to-inf = move to a new stage.
Test yourself
  • Why is it "meant to tell" but "mean moving"? (intention vs consequence.)
  • What is the difference between "stopped feeling at home" and "stopped to feel at home"? (quit the feeling vs paused in order to feel.)
  • Rewrite "try calling" as a real effort. (try to call = make a hard attempt.)

Exercises (Alıştırmalar)

Choose the correct answer. — 10 questions, each one is marked instantly. Questions get harder as you go.

Ünite 14 · Advanced Gerunds & Infinitives · Bölüm 2/6

Speaking: Big Decisions & New Beginnings

Learn the words, then use them in your own sentences about a change you have faced.

relocate (v)
to move to a new place to live or work (taşınmak, yer değiştirmek)
Syn: move · Ant: stay put
"I'll never forget relocating to a town with no running water."
isolated (adj)
far from other places and people (izole, ayrı)
Syn: cut off · Ant: connected
"Living somewhere isolated means getting used to quiet evenings."
adapt (v)
to change so that you fit a new situation (uyum sağlamak)
Syn: adjust · Ant: resist
"After a month, I stopped worrying and learned to adapt."
remote (adj)
far away and hard to reach (ücra, uzak)
Syn: distant · Ant: central
"Teaching in a remote village meant flying supplies in weekly."
commitment (n)
a firm promise to keep doing something (bağlılık, taahhüt)
Syn: dedication · Ant: indifference
"Real progress means making a serious commitment."
hesitate (v)
to pause because you are unsure (tereddüt etmek)
Syn: waver · Ant: decide
"Don't hesitate to say yes to a frightening chance."
reconsider (v)
to think again about a decision (yeniden düşünmek)
Syn: rethink · Ant: insist
"I nearly quit, but I stopped to reconsider."
worthwhile (adj)
worth the time, money or effort (değer, zahmete değer)
Syn: rewarding · Ant: pointless
"The hardship was real, yet the experience was worthwhile."
rewarding (adj)
giving a strong sense of satisfaction (tatmin edici)
Syn: fulfilling · Ant: thankless
"It was the most rewarding job I have ever done."
settle in (phr v)
to get comfortable in a new place or role (yerleşmek, alışmak)
Syn: adjust · Ant:
"Keeping a diary helped me settle in."
reluctant (adj)
not willing to do something (isteksiz, gönülsüz)
Syn: unwilling · Ant: eager
"At first I was reluctant to leave the city behind."
daunting (adj)
frightening because it seems difficult (göz korkutucu)
Syn: intimidating · Ant: easy
"The move felt daunting, but I refused to back out."
embrace (v)
to accept something new willingly (benimsemek, kucaklamak)
Syn: welcome · Ant: reject
"In the end I chose to embrace a whole new way of life."
STAY GO Won't the new job mean moving away? It does — but I won't regret trying something new.
Talking about a decision: mind the form — mean moving (consequence) vs regret trying (looking back).

Production Task (Üretim Görevi)

Write 8 sentences about a big decision or change in your life — a move, a job, a new habit or a challenge. Use at least 8 of the words above.

Grammar requirement — apply this unit's topic
  • Use remember / forget + -ing for a memory, and + to-infinitive for a duty (I remember arriving...; Remember to write...).
  • Use stop + -ing (quit) and stop + to-infinitive (pause for a reason) at least once each.
  • Use mean + -ing for a consequence and regret / try / go on with the correct form.
  • Write at least 2 contrast pairs that show the meaning change. (Örn: "I stopped studying French. Later I stopped to study a map.")

Sentence starters (you can begin with these):

"I'll never forget ...-ing ..." "Moving there meant ...-ing ..." "At first I hesitated, but I stopped ...-ing ..." "I tried ...-ing ..., and ..." "I don't regret ...-ing ..."

Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will review your task.)

Ünite 14 · Advanced Gerunds & Infinitives · Bölüm 3/6

Reading: The Village That Changed Me

Read the text, then answer the questions.

Before You Read (Okumadan Önce)

Good readers prepare before they start. Before you read, think about these three questions (you do not need to write the answers):

  • Have you ever made a decision that other people thought was crazy? What happened?
  • The text uses verbs like remember, stop, try, regret. Watch each one: does it take -ing or to-infinitive, and why?
  • The title is "The Village That Changed Me". Do you expect a positive or a negative ending? Guess!
How to read
  • First read: read quickly, without stopping. Get the general idea; you do not need every word.
  • Second read: read the questions, then search the text. Each time you see one of this unit's verbs, ask whether the -ing or the to-infinitive was used, and what it means here.

Words to spot (from the Speaking section): relocate · isolated · adapt · remote · reluctant · daunting · settle in · rewarding

a remote mountain village
Three hundred kilometres from the nearest city — a place that changes you.
The Village That Changed Me

When I first agreed to teach in a mountain village three hundred kilometres from the nearest city, my friends thought I had lost my mind. I will never forget arriving on a rusty bus in the middle of a snowstorm, wondering what I had done. The decision meant leaving my comfortable life behind; nevertheless, it turned out to be the best thing I have ever done.

Looking back, I still find it hard to explain exactly why I said yes. I had a steady office job in the city, a small flat and a safe daily routine, and at first I was genuinely reluctant to give any of it up. The advertisement had been pinned to a noticeboard at my old university: a small charity needed a volunteer teacher who was willing to relocate to a remote region for at least a year. I remember reading it three times and then walking away, telling myself the idea was ridiculous. Yet the thought refused to leave me alone. For weeks I went on imagining the mountains, the silence and the students I had never met. The whole plan felt daunting, and more than once I nearly decided to forget the whole thing and stay where I felt safe. In the end, though, I stopped making excuses. I realised that if I did not try something brave now, I would probably regret it for the rest of my life. So I filled in the form, posted it before I could change my mind, and waited for a reply I was half hoping would never come.

The first month was brutal. Living there meant getting used to a world without hot water, fast internet or a nearby shop. I remember spending my first evenings staring at the ceiling, homesick and cold. Although I nearly stopped believing I could cope, I refused to book a ticket home. Therefore, I tried keeping a diary every night, and slowly, writing my thoughts down helped me settle in.

Adapting to the new rhythm of life took far longer than I had expected. In the city I had never once thought about where my water came from; here, we collected it from a well and heated it on an old wood stove. The nights were long and completely dark, and for the first few weeks the isolation frightened me. There was no cinema, no café and no crowd of strangers to disappear into — only the wind, the snow and a handful of houses scattered across the valley. I had to learn to slow down. I stopped checking my phone every few minutes, mainly because there was almost no signal, and I gradually began to notice things I had ignored for years: the colour of the sky at dusk, the smell of bread baking, the sound of children laughing on their way to school. Being so isolated forced me to become more patient and far more resourceful. I learned to fix a leaking roof, to cook on an open fire and to mend my own clothes when they tore. Little by little, without quite noticing when it happened, I started to feel that the strange, quiet valley, which had once terrified me, was slowly becoming a kind of home.

My students changed everything. They had almost nothing; however, they never stopped smiling. When one boy struggled with reading, I tried teaching him through songs instead of textbooks, whereas the previous teacher had relied only on the coursebook. Within weeks he was reading aloud to the class. I regret to say that I had almost given up on him at first; moreover, I had doubted my own ability to teach. I am so glad I was wrong.

The children were the real reason I stayed. Most of them walked for an hour through the snow to reach the tiny schoolroom, and not one of them ever complained. There was a girl called Mira who could solve difficult problems in her head but was far too shy to speak in front of the others; there was a boy who drew astonishing pictures of birds on every scrap of paper he could find. One freezing morning, a small girl tugged my sleeve and asked me a question I have never forgotten.

"Teacher," she said, "do people in the city really throw food away?" I hesitated, unsure how to answer. "Sometimes they do," I admitted. She frowned and thought about this for a long moment. "That is very strange," she said at last, and went quietly back to her desk. That single conversation taught me more than any book ever had. These children owned almost nothing, and yet they wasted nothing and valued everything. Teaching them did not just mean sharing grammar and arithmetic; it meant learning, every single day, what really matters.

The seasons shaped everything we did. In winter the whole valley vanished under deep snow, and lessons were often held by candlelight; in spring, meltwater turned the paths to mud and the mountains filled with wild flowers. I learned to embrace both extremes rather than fight them. Slowly, I earned the trust of the families, who invited me to share their meals and their celebrations. They had so little, and yet they gave so generously that I often felt ashamed of how much I had once taken for granted. Making a real commitment to a place and its people, I discovered, changes you in ways you cannot predict. There were hard days, of course — days when I felt exhausted, useless or desperately far from everyone I loved. But not once did the experience feel like a waste; everything about it, even the difficulties, turned out to be worthwhile.

I stayed for two years. Since that time, I have never stopped missing the place. When my contract ended, I went on to train other volunteers, yet a part of me still lives on that snowy mountain. I do not regret leaving the city for a single day. If you ever get the chance to do something that frightens you, remember to say yes — you may discover, as I did, who you really are.

A · Multiple Choice

Choose the correct answer.

B · True / False (Doğru / Yanlış)

Are these sentences true or false, according to the text?

C · Gap Fill

Complete each sentence with ONE word from the text. Mind the form — is it an -ing or a to-infinitive?

1I will never forget on a rusty bus in the middle of a snowstorm. Doğru cevap: arriving
2Living there meant used to a world without hot water. Doğru cevap: getting
3I tried a diary every night, and it helped me settle in. Doğru cevap: keeping
4When my contract ended, I went on train other volunteers. Doğru cevap: to
5Since that time, I have never stopped the place where I spent two winters. Doğru cevap: missing

D · Open-Ended

Write your answer in your own words. These questions are not marked automatically.

1. Why did the writer's friends think he "had lost his mind"?

Sample Answer"Because he had decided to leave his comfortable city life to teach in a remote mountain village, hundreds of kilometres from anywhere. To his friends, that choice seemed crazy."

2. How did the writer cope during the difficult first month?

Sample Answer"Although he nearly stopped believing he could cope, he refused to book a ticket home. He tried keeping a diary every night, and writing his thoughts down slowly helped him settle in."

3. What lesson does the writer share at the end of the text?

Sample Answer"He means that we should say yes to things that frighten us. Facing a real challenge can be daunting, but it may teach us who we truly are."

E · Connector Hunt (Bağlaç Avı)

Find these connectors in the text — each one appears at least once: however, therefore, nevertheless, although, whereas, moreover, since, yet. (You will use these same connectors in the Writing section.) Note them down, then check.

Answers however: "They had almost nothing; however, they never stopped smiling."
therefore: "Therefore, I tried keeping a diary every night."
nevertheless: "The decision meant leaving my comfortable life behind; nevertheless, it turned out to be the best thing I have ever done."
although: "Although I nearly stopped believing I could cope, I refused to book a ticket home."
whereas: "...I tried teaching him through songs, whereas the previous teacher had relied only on the coursebook."
moreover: "...I had almost given up on him at first; moreover, I had doubted my own ability to teach."
since: "Since that time, I have never stopped missing the place."
yet: "...I went on to train other volunteers, yet a part of me still lives on that snowy mountain."
Ünite 14 · Advanced Gerunds & Infinitives · Bölüm 4/6

Listening: Teaching in the Far North

Todd talks to Abidemi about life and teaching in an isolated Arctic community.

You will hear an interview: Todd asks Abidemi about teaching in a remote community in the far north of Canada — the cost of living, the frozen ground, and the long winter darkness. You will listen TWICE. First listen: answer questions 1-5. Second listen: answer questions 6-10. (Kaydı İKİ kez dinleyeceksin: ilk dinlemede 1-5, ikinci dinlemede 6-10.)

Tip
  • Read the questions BEFORE the first listening — know what to listen for.
  • You do not need every word; catch the answer to each question.

1. Dinleme — Questions 1-5 (Choose the correct answer)

Ünite 14 · Advanced Gerunds & Infinitives · Bölüm 5/6

Writing: A Decision That Changed You

Write and submit your paragraph; your teacher will review it.

Connectors that sound B2 (Linking Words)

At B1 you linked ideas with and, but, so, because. At B2 you sound noticeably more advanced when you use formal, precise connectors. Four of them are essential this unit — and two familiar ones, although and however, become sharper tools.

ConnectorUse it to...Example
moreoveradd a stronger, extra pointThe move was hard. Moreover, it meant leaving my friends.
thereforeshow a logical resultI hated giving up; therefore, I tried again.
whereascontrast two ideas directlyMy friends stayed, whereas I chose to relocate.
neverthelesssay "in spite of that"It felt daunting. Nevertheless, I said yes.
althoughconcede a point inside one sentenceAlthough I was reluctant, I have no regrets.
howevercontrast between two sentencesI nearly quit. However, I went on to succeed.

See the difference — the same facts, written two ways:

Basic linking ✗Confident B2 writing ✓
I moved away. It was hard. I did not give up. I learned a lot. I am happy now. I decided to relocate, and the first months were daunting. Nevertheless, I refused to quit. Although I nearly stopped believing in myself, I have learned a great deal since then; therefore, I do not regret leaving.
Rule
  • Use at least 3 different B2 connectors from the table. Do not write sentence by sentence; connect your ideas.
  • Moreover, Therefore, However, Nevertheless usually start a sentence and take a comma: "However, I tried again."

Paragraph structure (Paragraph Structure)

A "decision" paragraph has three parts. The skeleton stays the same — you change the content, not the structure:

PartWhat to writeExample
1. OpeningA topic sentence that names the decisionTwo years ago I made a decision that changed my life.
2. BodyTell the story. Use this unit's verbs with the correct form: I remember arriving...; it meant leaving...; I tried keeping...; I don't regret leaving... Link with B2 connectors.Although I was reluctant, I stopped making excuses. Nevertheless, it meant leaving everything behind.
3. ClosingA final comment about now or the futureI have never stopped missing it, therefore I hope to go back.

Task (Görev)

Write about a big decision or a change you have been through — a move, a new job, a habit you started or stopped, a challenge you took on. Use this unit's verb patterns.

WHAT TO INCLUDE

  • an opening sentence that names your decision or change
  • a memory of it with remember / forget + -ing (I remember arriving...)
  • a consequence with mean + -ing (it meant leaving / getting used to...)
  • at least one of stop / try / regret / go on with the correct form
  • a closing sentence about now or the future
  • at least 3 B2 connectors: moreover, therefore, whereas, nevertheless, although, however
  • at least 4 words from the Speaking section (relocate, isolated, adapt, remote, reluctant, daunting, settle in, rewarding, worthwhile, embrace)

EXAMPLE OPENERS

"Two years ago I made a decision that ..." "I will never forget deciding to ..." "Although it felt daunting, I ..."

Your Paragraph (160-200 words / kelime)

0 kelime

Değerlendirme öğretmenin tarafından yapılacak. (Your teacher will evaluate your writing.)

Sample Answer (~190 words) Two years ago I made a decision that still shapes my life: I chose to relocate to a small, isolated town to teach. At first I was reluctant, and the idea felt daunting. Nevertheless, I stopped making excuses and accepted the job.

I will never forget arriving in the dark, wondering what I had done. Living there meant getting used to a world without many comforts; moreover, it meant learning to cope on my own. Although I nearly gave up, I tried keeping a routine, and slowly I began to settle in.

The work turned out to be deeply rewarding. My students had almost nothing, whereas they never stopped smiling. I regret to say that I doubted myself at first; however, I was completely wrong. Therefore, when my contract ended, I went on to train other volunteers.

I do not regret leaving my old life for a single day. The experience was truly worthwhile, and it taught me to embrace change. I have not stopped missing that town, and I would do it all again.
Ünite 14 · Advanced Gerunds & Infinitives · Bölüm 6/6

Unit Check (Ünite Kontrolü)

Mixed questions from the whole unit, then check what you can do.

Mixed Quiz (Karışık Test)

14 questions: grammar + vocabulary + reading + listening. Each question is marked instantly.

Can-Do Check (Yapabiliyorum Listesi)

Tick what you can do now. Honest answers help your teacher.

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